美国不建议多数年长者为预防首次心脏病发作而服阿司匹林

文 / 陈慧璋

10/12/2021

美国预防服务工作组表示，60岁及或以上有心脏病风险的人不应该为了预防首次心脏病发作而开始每天服用低剂量的阿司匹林，指其导致内出血的风险大于益处。（法新社）

（早报讯）美国一专家团说，60岁及或以上有心脏病风险的人不应该为了预防首次心脏病发作而开始每天服用低剂量的阿司匹林，指其导致内出血的风险大于益处。

路透社报道，美国预防服务工作组（USPSTF）周二（12日）表示，计划更新其2016年的建议，因为有新证据表明，随着年龄增长，定期服用阿司匹林可能会导致危及生命的内出血。

该工作组还表示，没有足够证据说明使用低剂量的阿司匹林可以减少结肠直肠癌的发生或死亡。

新建议并不适用于曾心脏病发作或中风，得每天服阿司匹林以预防后续心血管事件的病人。美国预防服务工作组说，这个群体应该继续服用阿司匹林，除非他们的临床医生提出不同方案。

美国预防服务工作组是由美国卫生与公众服务部任命的16名独立疾病预防专家所组成，该工作组2016年建议，除了预防心脏病发作和中风，每天服用低剂量的阿司匹林也可能有助于预防结肠直肠癌。

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Aspirin should not be recommended to most adults for heart attack prevention: panel

BY MAUREEN BRESLIN

10/12/2021

An influential U.S. panel of experts changed its recommendations for people who take low dosages of aspirin in order to prevent first heart attacks or strokes.

The U.S. Preventative Services Task Force in a draft proposal released Tuesday recommended that adults ages 40 to 59 should only be taking low dosages of the blood thinner if their physician determines that they are at high risk for cardiovascular disease.

Aspirin acts as an anticoagulant, which means it aids in preventing blood clots from forming, which is how heart attacks and strokes typically develop. Taking daily doses of aspirin was thought to lower the risk of these clots, and therefore lower the risk of heart disease and stokes.

In addition, the new guidance detailed in the draft recommends that people over the age of 60 not take aspirin to prevent first heart attacks or strokes.

Previously, guidance had recommended a daily regimen of low-dose aspirin for people over the age of 50 who were at higher risk for heart attacks or strokes in the next decade, as long as they were not at a higher risk of bleeding.

This move marks the first time that a U.S. health task force has recommended that adults in their 40s speak with their doctors about aspirin for heart health.

This draft recommendation does not apply to people who have already suffered a heart attack or stroke. The task force still recommends that those people take aspirin preventatively.

“The latest evidence is clear: starting a daily aspirin regimen in people who are 60 or older to prevent a first heart attack or stroke is not recommended,” Tseng said in a statement. “However, this Task Force recommendation is not for people already taking aspirin for a previous heart attack or stroke; they should continue to do so unless told otherwise by their clinician.”

Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. According to recent data, 29 million adults in the U.S. take aspirin daily to prevent heart disease despite not having a family history of it.

According to the panel, the blood thinner can increase a person’s risk of internal bleeding.

“Daily aspirin use may help prevent heart attacks and strokes in some people, but it can also cause potentially serious harms, such as internal bleeding,” John Wong, a member of the task force said.

The draft recommendation was posted for public input, which can be submitted from now until Nov. 8.

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