爱阿华州龙卷风酿7死 包括2童
世界新闻网
3/06/2022
爱阿华州西南部温特塞特市(Winterset)6日发生龙卷风，造成至少7死，其中两人为儿童。
Mar 06, 2022
冰风暴来袭 至少2000航班取消 超市大缺货
世界新闻网
01/16/2022
强大的冬季暴风雪正挟带着降雨、大雪以及强风，从美国南部与中部扫向美东地区，袭击卡罗来纳州，田纳西州到纽约及佛蒙特州，积雪最深达1英尺（30公分）。这场风暴已迫使航空业者16日取消至少2000航班，并阻碍货物运输，使受灾地区的供应链问题益发严重。
Jan 16, 2022
A winter storm tore through parts of the U.S. southeast on Sunday, bringing freezing rain, ice and snow to the region.
In Florida, a tornado watch was issued as a line of severe storms moved through the area.
Winter weather alerts extended across the eastern U.S., from Mississippi to Maine on Sunday and left some 200,000 people without power.
Parts of the region were hit with as much as 30 centimeters of snow.
The storm is now headed northeast, with New York’s governor warning of a “dangerous situation” due to high winds and icy conditions.
美国从南部、东北部到中西部的广大地区，周末都遭遇冰暴、大雪及冻雨等恶劣天候袭击。国家气象局预测中心指出，大雪将覆盖密西西比州及田纳西河谷，下一波风暴将为爱阿华及北达科他州带来厚达1英尺以上的积雪。南卡罗来纳州与北卡罗来纳州之间的皮埃蒙特高地15日夜间开始积冰；暴风雪16日会侵袭阿帕拉契山、纽约到佛蒙特。
东北部的部分地区气温剧降到摄氏零度以下，从15日夜间开始大雪降临各地，波士顿、费城与纽约市15日积雪4英寸，16日夜间到17日再转为冻雨。整个东北部新英格兰地区及纽约州部分地区，15日的气温都远低于摄氏零度。
航班追踪网站FlightAware数据显示，美国航空业者16日已取消至少2000个航班，美国航空公司取消516个班次，占单日航班18%，西南航空也取消252个航班。
气象专家指出，这一波严寒气候涵盖地区甚广，对人员移动、树木及供电都将造成重大影响，各地企业在好几天内都很难输送产品，业者难以补货，超商货架可能会空荡荡更久。市场研究机构IRI的数显示，全美连锁超市正苦于因应各类日用品供应紧俏，包括冷冻食品、肉品、饼干等。
维吉尼亚、乔治亚及北卡罗来纳州长14日就已经宣布进入紧急状态。气象专家指出，南部其他地区、乔治亚及北卡罗来纳州东北部从15日夜间到16日都是冻雨倾盆，北卡部分地区更出现「最具杀伤力的冰风暴，恶劣天气将造成树倒、断电，并严重影响人员流动。
气象学家并指出，大雪也将席卷田纳西山区、肯塔基州东部、北卡罗来纳州、西维吉尼亚州，直到与俄亥俄州东部与纽约西部，受暴风雪影响的居民数将达到空前水准。
暴风雪天 美国男子想步行6英里回家 却冻死野外
来源：福克斯新闻网
01/11/2022
据福克斯新闻网9日报道，当地时间1月6日，美国弗吉尼亚州一名男子的遗体在一个树木繁茂的地点被发现。三天前，他的汽车在暴风雪天气中滑进沟里，之后他决定在雪中跋涉6英里（约9.6公里）回家陪伴他两岁的儿子。
Jan 6, 2022
The search continues for Jacob Whaley, a Louisa man who disappeared in the middle of Monday’s winter storm.
当地时间1月3日，34岁的雅各布·威利（Jacob Whaley）在下午5点左右下班开车回家时，由于天气不佳，他的车滑进沟里被卡住了。他告诉家人准备步行回家，但在几个小时后，大概晚上8点46分，他给母亲发短信说自己迷路了。这是雅各布和家人最后一次联系，随后家人立即向多个执法机构报告该男子失踪。
雅各布的姐姐安吉拉称，“我追踪到了他最后的一个已知位置。我妈妈告诉了他们他所在的大致区域，因为她之前一直在和他打电话。”
路易莎县警长办公室表示，警员们“立即响应了这家人的请求，在接下来的几天里，多次检查了他最后出现位置所在区域，以及附近的道路和他的住所”。该办公室在7日发声明称，“直到1月6日才在一片浓密的松树林中发现雅各布。”
Jan 8, 2022
Jacob Whaley’s family said around 8:30 p.m. Monday, the 34-year-old’s car slid into a ditch in Hanover County during the snowstorm. The location where his abandoned car was found was near the line Hanover County shares with both Spotsylvania and Louisa counties. “He was trying to find a path through the woods because there is a neighborhood that he lives that he could’ve gotten to and walked right across the street and been able to get home,” sister Angela Whaley said.
安吉拉称，雅各布的尸体在离他家大约2英里的地方被发现，他的车在离他家大约6英里的地方被发现，但她认为如果当局能更快采取行动，他可能还活着。安吉拉7日在脸书上发帖称，“他们拒绝做自己的工作。如果他们搜索了我妈妈告诉他们的3日晚上我弟弟失踪时所在的区域，他本来可以获救的。”
路易莎县警长办公室表示，失踪人员案件“始终是重中之重”，他们与这家人一样“悲痛”，“我们向雅各布·威利先生的家人和朋友表示哀悼”。
维州暴雪教训：冬季开车要准备的保命物品
世界新闻网
01/05/2022
暴雪侵袭之下，维吉尼亚州东部的I-95高速公路(Interstate 95)路段交通瘫痪，某些驾驶人被卡在路上将近24小时。有线电视新闻网(CNN)报导，救难人员指出，这场维州大雪为民众带来的教训是，冬天开车要在车上备妥保命物品，包括保暖衣物以及可以用来做为车辆挡风隔热之用的毯子等。
科罗拉多州斯廷博特斯普林斯消防救难队(Steamboat Springs Fire Rescue)紧急救护技术员(Emergency Medical Technician，EMT)哈特曼(Isaiah Hartman)接受CNN访问时说，对他个人而言，冬季开车出门首先要准备的重要物品就是「能够让你保暖的任何东西」。
他举例说，保暖物品从手套、毛袜、暖暖包(hand warmers，又称暖手宝)都包括在内，毯子则有多重用途。他表示，毯子不但可以拿来裹住身体御寒，当遇到严峻的酷寒气候时，还能拿来挡在车窗，避免冷风窜入，做为让车子保持温度的隔热之用。
哈特曼说，准备一双能保暖的靴子也是很重要的，尤其是在紧急情况下不得不弃车离开，必须在雪地行走时。
他表示，雪铲也是车上必备工具，当车辆被大雪掩盖时，能在排气管附近铲清积雪。他说，最好一次就把排气管附近的积雪尽量铲光，才不必在天寒地冻之间一直下车重复相同动作。他说：「如果能把积雪清除到能看到路面，是最理想的」。
雪铲的另一个功能，是在轮胎被卡住时，协助脱困。哈特曼说，猫砂(kitty litter)也能帮助车子从雪地里脱困，可以准备一小罐放在车上以备不时之需。
他说，把猫砂洒在轮胎底下，可以增加磨擦力。
冬天如果要开车出远门，哈特曼说，出城之前要先确诊油箱至少有一半的汽油，万一遭逢暴雪被困在路上，则可不时让引擎熄火，让暖气运作，在车上至少能够较为保暖。
若遇大雪而受困路上，哈特曼说，最重要的事情就是打911电话求助。他表示，如果手机还有电，紧要关头之下最重要的保命要务，是要让消防单位知道受困地点何在。
他说：「我们可以通过手机定位，知道你的确切地点或大概位置。」
无天气预警 驾驶被Google导航「骗」入绝境
世界新闻网
01/05/2022
自从智能型手机普及以来，到一个人生地不熟的地方旅游不再依赖纸本地图或问路，不过科技产品总有其限制，不论是Google或Waze地图，虽然会即时更新路况，在规画路线时避开交通壅塞或管制路段，但仍无法完全考虑到例如天气状况影响路况的情形，一旦驾驶人遵循导航规画的路线，反而可能卡在路上动弹不得。
内华达州居民温蒂．贝托德(Wendy Becktold)表示，她上月27日开车前往加州湾区探视亲戚，由于太浩湖(Lake Tahoe)附近的两条高速高路被关闭，因此Google导航指示她走511号郡道(County Road 511)，结果发现511号郡道每逢冬季时都会季节性关闭，且当时正值暴风雪使所有驾驶人进退维谷，Google导航显然没有更新这项资讯。
贝托德说：「我身后车子也不少，看来大家都是被Google导航骗来的。」
Google地图发言人麦迪逊．谷维亚(Madison Gouveia)说：「鉴于当地暴风雪的状况难以预测，Google地图团队正在使用当局提供的资讯更新太浩湖地区的地图资讯；同时我们也在画面上显示『冬季风暴警报发布中』的字样，提醒用路人安全驾驶。」
另一方面，Waze地图的用户也出现过类似「灾情」；有Waze地图用户在推特分享上月底加州大风雪时，被导航导引至一条海拔高度6920呎、被称为Henness Pass Road的不知名的小路，受困七天才被救援队确定位置，平安下山。
Waze发言人说：「上月底加州暴风雪太大且不可预测，但我们会继续努力更新实时消息；我们公司目前设计出一款自动过滤功能，可以帮司机避开没有铺设柏油的道路。」
事实上，加州运输厅曾警告过驾驶人不要太依赖地图导航，发言人巴洛威(Raquel Borrayo)说：「因为它很有可能把你导向没有柏油路的产业道路、积雪量过大的路线，甚至没有手机信号的地方。」
Snow Closed the Highways. GPS Mapped a Harrowing Detour in the Sierra Nevada.
Public safety officials warned that alternate routes offered by apps like Google Maps and Waze don’t always take into account hazards to drivers.
By Neil Vigdor
01/05/2022
The road once carried stagecoaches during the Gold Rush, twisting its way through what is now a national forest and an area of the Sierra Nevada known for snowmobiling.
In the winter, the rugged passage, known as the Quincy-La Porte Road or County Road 511 in Plumas County, Calif., is closed.
But Wendy Becktold, an editor from the Bay Area who was on her way to visit an ailing relative in Reno, Nev., on Monday, said that she had been unaware of that when she navigated her rented Toyota Corolla while the region was still grappling with a record-setting snowstorm.
Google Maps had guided her that way because two major highways near Lake Tahoe were shut down, she recounted in an interview on Wednesday, echoing concerns of other drivers and public safety officials about the potential hazards of relying too heavily on GPS applications.
They said that Google Maps and Waze, which is also owned by Google, along with other mapping programs, wouldn’t always account for seasonal road closures or treacherous terrain, emphasizing temporary road closures instead.
“There were a lot of cars behind us,” Ms. Becktold said. “Clearly, Google Maps was routing everyone the same way.”
Ms. Becktold, 50, a senior story editor for Sierra, a magazine published by the Sierra Club, said she and her cousin had seen a tree limb on a power line and had passed many cabins as they unknowingly pressed on. Then, a worker in a safety vest waved them off, said Ms. Becktold, who lives in Berkeley, Calif.
“He said, ‘Everybody just keeps showing me their phones,’” Ms. Becktold recalled. “He was just like exasperated.”
A Google Maps spokeswoman said in a statement on Wednesday that the tech company was taking steps to provide drivers with accurate route information.
“In light of the unpredictable conditions from the current snowstorm, our team is working as quickly as possible to update routes in the Lake Tahoe area using details from local authorities.” the spokeswoman, Madison Gouveia, said. “We currently show a winter storm warning to alert drivers in the area, and encourage everyone to stay alert and attentive.”
Google Maps did not answer questions about what kind of safeguards for drivers it uses, including warnings about winter road closings or unpaved roads. SFGate.com earlier reported the white-knuckle detours.
In Washoe County, Nev., which includes Reno, a family of five from Southern California was stranded for two hours on Monday night when their rented pickup truck got stuck in the snow on a two-lane dirt road, the county sheriff’s office said.
The family had sought an alternate route on the way to visit relatives for the holidays in Truckee, Calif., during the storm, which closed an 81-mile stretch of Interstate 80 and contributed to the snowiest December in the Sierra on record.
More than 17 feet of snow had fallen during the month as of Thursday, according to the Central Sierra Snow Lab of the University of California, Berkeley. The storm also closed Highway 50 for about 50 miles in the Sacramento Valley and the Lake Tahoe Basin before it and I-80 reopened.
In a Facebook post on Tuesday, the Washoe County Sheriff’s Office said that the family had ignored illuminated warning signs telling drivers not to use the Dog Valley-Henness Pass Roads.
“However, the family’s GPS won the battle of which technology to listen to,” the sheriff’s office said in a Facebook post on Tuesday, adding that the family had been rescued.
It was not clear what GPS application the family had been using.
In a public warning last week, the Washoe County Sheriff’s Office said that drivers had frequently taken the same detour when using GPS. From November 2020 to last February, emergency responders were called to 11 rescues, according to the sheriff.
Raquel Borrayo, a spokeswoman for Caltrans, California’s state transportation department, said in an email on Wednesday that the agency had tried to reinforce that overreliance on GPS apps could be risky.
“When people try to use mapping apps like Waze or Google Maps to avoid highway closures, they can sometimes be put in very precarious and dangerous situations with unplowed roads/dirt roads, heavy amounts of snow and zero cellphone service,” Ms. Borrayo said. “We always tell people to stay on highways and find alternate routes that way vs. using rural roads. We also recommend people just stay put and wait until the interstate or highway closure has been lifted.”
During this week’s storm, several people posted screen shots on Twitter of Google Maps and Waze directions sending users to the Henness Pass Road, which the Sierra County Historical Society describes as a secluded and winding mountain road that rises to an elevation of 6,920 feet. The road, a primary emigrant trail from Virginia City, Nev., is “left off many maps,” according to a description on the historical society’s website.
The Donner Pass, named for the doomed snowbound pioneer family, some of whom resorted to cannibalism during the 1840s, is about 40 miles from the detour.
A spokeswoman for Waze said in an email on Thursday that the company was committed to helping drivers navigate efficiently and safely.
“In light of this week’s snowstorm and changing weather conditions, Waze Community Map Editors continue to keep our maps updated with the latest real-time routing information,” the spokeswoman, Caroline Bourdeau, said. “We encourage drivers to exercise caution and to stay alert on the road,”
Waze has a filter that allows drivers to avoid unpaved roads.
Crystal A. Kolden, a geographer and disaster scientist who teaches at the University of California, Merced, said she could not believe it when she saw that Google Maps had suggested Henness Pass and other backcountry roads to drivers seeking alternatives to I-80.
“They’re barely drivable in the summer,” Professor Kolden said on Wednesday. “How reliable do these companies have an ethical responsibility to be?”
Professor Kolden, 44, who was at her home near Sonora, Calif., in the foothills of the Sierra during the storm, criticized Google maps on Twitter. Some commenters mocked her post, saying that drivers should take responsibility for monitoring conditions and that she sounded like a Prius-driving millennial.
“Blaming vulnerable people for going down the wrong road is the same as blaming some of those poor vulnerable people who drowned in their basement apartments in New York City not long ago,” she said in an interview, referring to deadly flooding in September.
On Wednesday, Google Maps showed red dots with dashes in them on the road that Ms. Becktold had taken during her circuitous journey on Monday. The road closure warnings hadn’t been there two days earlier, she said.
“It wasn’t like we were just frolicking along, looking for a day in the snow,” Ms. Becktold said.
Ms. Becktold said she had no choice but to return to Berkeley when she had been about 150 miles into the 200-mile trip. Her cousin, who had been trying to reach her ailing brother in Reno, eventually resorted to flying from San Francisco to Reno — through Los Angeles, she said.
“It seems kind of silly in this day and age,” she said, “that there can’t be clearer information online that these roads are closed.”
只靠一张纸条 法国养殖业者吓阻小偷窃取生蚝
中央社 | 法国勒卡特
12/30/2021
法国生蚝养殖业者朱诺特（Christophe Guinot）失窃3公吨生蚝后，他想到一个解决办法，就是在生蚝壳内放秘密纸条，来协助警方抓到小偷。
路透社报导，朱诺特说他2016年实践这个方法后，他位于法国南部勒卡特（Leucate）养殖场中的生蚝就再也没有被偷过了。朱诺特说：「这有吓阻的效果。」
生蚝的利润相当丰厚。在巴黎市中心知名的法式餐厅Chez Francoise，6颗高品质生蚝要价24欧元（约27美元）。假期生蚝需求量最大，也是小偷横行的时节。
朱诺特在法国与西班牙边境附近的潟湖以笼具养殖生蚝，小偷乘船到养殖场后，将整个笼具直接拔走。
为了解决这个问题，朱诺特在空的生蚝壳中放入纸条，黏合生蚝壳后放进笼具中。打开生蚝壳的人会看到纸条上写着，他们赢得了和自己体重相当的生蚝，并邀请他们来电领取奖品。
若有人要领奖，朱诺特会问他们是在哪里买这些生蚝，如果不是从朱诺特的养殖场购买的，就能成为警方追查小偷的线索。
勒卡特其他生蚝养殖业者也效法朱诺特的作法。朱诺特说，至今没有人要求跟他领奖，不过偶尔会听到有人去附近养殖场说要领奖。
这个抓小偷的方法传开后，似乎起到阻吓作用。根据法国内政部，2017年还有19起生蚝窃盗案，2020年却一件也没有了。
SMART THINKING
‘You’ve won your weight in oysters!’ – note in shells stops thieves
LEUCATE, France
12/30/2021
Pic for representational purpose only. iStock
When thieves stole three tonnes of oysters from French shellfish farmer Christophe Guinot, he came up with a solution: planting secret notes inside oyster shells to help police track down the thieves.
Since Guinot put the method in place in 2016, he says there have been no new oyster thefts on his farm. “It has had a dissuasive effect,” the 60-year-old, from Leucate in southern France, told Reuters.
Oysters are lucrative: at the celebrated Chez Francoise restaurant in central Paris, a dish of six high-grade oysters costs 24 euros ($27). Demand is highest over the festive period, also the busiest time for thieves.
Guinot farms oysters in a coastal lagoon near France’s border with Spain. The shellfish are reared in cages, attached by wires to a metal frame that stops them drifting away. Thieves take a boat out to the cages and pluck them from the water.
Guinot’s solution: take an empty oyster shell, insert a tiny rolled-up note, glue the shell back together and drop it into the cage. The note tells whoever opens the shell that they have won their own weight in oysters, and invites them to call to claim their prize.
Anyone claiming their prize could be asked where they bought the oysters, and if it was not from somewhere that Guinot supplies, he could set the police on the trail of the thieves.
Fellow producers from the area followed his example and also planted notes among their oysters. So far no one has claimed the prize from Guinot himself, though some had been claimed from neighbouring farms, he said. In at least some cases, the prizewinners had been sold stolen oysters, and police were alerted.
Word has spread and appears to have created a deterrent effect: after 19 oyster thefts in the area in 2017, there were none in 2020, according to the French Interior Ministry. Reuters
影／衣服掉窗台捡不到…他派大闸蟹夹回 奇招被赞爆
世界新闻网
12/15/2021
很多人都有衣服不小心掉屋檐或窗台的经验，近日微博上一名网友分享一段影片，只看到一只用绳子绑住的活蟹，慢慢垂降下去将窗台上的衣服夹回来。
杭州一户人家居家隔离时，衣服被吹到楼下窗台，没办法下去拿，男子突然灵机一动，用一条绳子绑住一只活的大闸蟹，慢慢把大闸蟹垂降下去，没想到真的把衣服夹回来了，网友表示，这真正是完成了「不可能的任务」。
影片在网络上疯狂转传，网友纷纷留言，「生活智能王」、「天时地利物尽其用」、「真的要给蟹哥一个赞」、「为何牠知道要夹起来啦」、「养螃蟹养螃蟹」。
搭飞机时手机掉椅下捡不到 为什么要立刻通知空服员？
世界新闻网
12/15/2021
纽约邮报报导，搭飞机时若不小心将手机掉进座位侧边捡不到，应立即按服务铃请空服员帮忙，以防手机锂电池升温起火。
澳洲民航安全局曾发布一份声明警告手机在飞机上可能造成的危险：「手机掉入飞机座椅下方或侧面时，可能会在座椅移动时被压碎。这不只会损坏手机的锂电池，还会让电池因过热而起火。」
声明建议乘客，如果在飞行过程中掉落手机，切勿移动座位，并要立刻向机组人员求援。手机如果坏了，机组人员也要立即处理。
Jul 31, 2018
Ryanair passengers escape on emergency chute after mobile phone external battery exploded while the 737 was about to taxi for departure. The incident happened around 5.30pm this afternoon at Barcelona’s El Prat airport as the packed Boeing 737 prepared to take off for Ibiza. No one needed medical attention, although some passengers are said to have suffered slight burns as they slid down the emergency chute.
今年8月，一场手机火灾就导致阿拉斯加航空公司疏散一架航班上的旅客。而更早以前，一名乘客2018年搭乘澳洲航空飞机从洛杉矶飞往墨尔本途中，手机掉入椅子的一侧。在他试着要捞起手机时，座位压碎了手机，手机就开始冒烟着火，机组人员持灭火器灭火后，机长迫降在雪梨，才化解危机。
JUST CALL THEM
Dangerous reason why passengers must tell cabin crew if they lose their phone
On a recent Qantas flight to Melbourne, a man dropped his mobile and then tried to fish it out from a crevice in the seat
By Caroline McGuire
12/15/2021
THERE are a number of ways to make yourself the most unpopular person on a flight – showing up late for boarding, picking your toenails and getting drunk on the free booze should all do it.
But starting a fire, even unintentionally, has got to be the clincher.
It is far easier than you think to get a blaze going on a plane though – all a passenger has to do is lose their phone down the side of a seat.
On a Qantas flight to Melbourne in 2018, a man did just that, dropping his mobile and then trying to fish it out.
While he was trying to retrieve it the handset started smouldering, with the situation getting so bad that the pilot considered diverting the aircraft to Sydney and crew having to use fire extinguishers to put the blaze out.
Passengers are now warned to contact a flight attendant every time they lose a phone down the side of a plane seat, as crushing the powerful lithium batteries can easily spark a fire or explosion.
The incident follows a previous warning Australia’s Civil Aviation Safety Authority, who had released a statement that read: “Smart phones can fall into aircraft seat mechanisms and be crushed when the seat is moved.
“This can result in damage to the phone’s lithium battery which can cause overheating and fire.
“Passengers must remember never to move their seat if a phone goes missing while in-flight and to always ask the aircraft cabin crew for assistance.
“If a phone is damaged cabin crew should be alerted immediately.”
The incident is just one of a number of phone fires that have happened on planes in recent years.
In August of this year, a mobile phone caught fire in the cabin of an Alaska Airlines flight, leading to the plane being evacuated.
In July 2018, Ryanair passengers were filmed escaping on emergency chute after mobile phone battery burst into flames minutes before take-off.
Holidaymakers could be seen falling over each other in a bid to get away from the aircraft as quickly as they could after the inflatable slide was activated.
Then in February 2018, a passenger’s hand luggage was filmed in flames on China Southern flight as a flight attendant was forced to fight the fire.
Aug 1, 2018
Airline pilot Patrick Smith told Sun Online Travel that phones in checked-in luggage pose an even bigger problem to flight safety.
He said: “I would be concerned with fires in the lower hold.
“If one was to occur then crew people on board won’t have an understanding of what is happening or how fast it’s spreading.
“Holds are equipped with fire suppressant systems but these systems aren’t always effective against those types of fires.”
航班被取消、延误 旅客可依法争取退款
世界新闻网
12/08/2021
日前因错过转机，而被迫滞留在芝加哥欧海尔(O’Hare)国际机场的美食记者罗比塞莉(Allison Robicelli)，趁机在机场内夜游，并在推特上介绍机场内的圣诞装饰与平时因匆忙而忽略的景致。旅行专家也建议民众，如果航班被取消、延误，或因新冠疫情必须放弃预定机位时，可依法争取退款或购买旅行保险弥补损失。
罗比塞莉在探索欧海尔机场时，发现在一号航厦(Terminal 1)，连接B和C两大厅之间的地下信道里，有灯光设计师海顿(Michael Hayden)长达744呎、名为「一切都可能」(Sky’s the Limit)的灯饰艺术。海顿在信道的天花板上安装镜子与彩虹霓虹灯管，将这块原本阴暗乏味的空间打造成温暖的现代艺术，让旅客站在电动走道经过时，可以来回从不同角度欣赏。
另外，当航班取消或延迟时，根据Scott’s Cheap Flights的旅行专家奥兰多(Willis Orlando)说，民众在几个月前已经预定的机位，可能在最后一刻被取消或更改，原因可能是航空公司为了调整航班时刻表、增加飞行地点，或因应疫情期间的机组人员配置等。
奥兰多说，如果民众用航空公司的里程数或点数订位后，航班有大幅更动或被取消，航空公司必须退还里程数。如果民众付钱购票，可以在机票被取消、时间更动或增加停站点时，获得全额退款。
根据美国法律，班机延迟4到12小时、在直飞旅程中增加中途停靠地，或班机被航空公司取消，旅客都可要求全额退款。
如果民众因感染新冠病毒而自愿取消搭机，航空公司则不会退款，但可能会发给现金券(voucher)用于重订机票，多数航空公司也愿意免除更改航班的费用(change fee)。
担心因疫情取消旅行计划的民众，也可以考虑购买旅行保险，记得特别加注因疫情取消而获得退款的条约。
美国万物齐涨 揭开商家变相涨价5大策略
世界新闻网
12/05/2021
这一波通膨压力让万物齐涨。华尔街日报报导，精明的企业不会大张旗鼓涨价，以免引发消费者抵触，而会选择巧妙的定价策略，以不易察觉的方式达到涨价目的。
以下是企业暗中涨价的几种常见方式。
1.拆分服务，降低品质，缩减顾客奖励计划
美国国内航线平均机票价格与25年前大致相当，但航空公司已找到隐蔽方式提高收费。首先，航空公司将服务拆分开来，无论是托运行李、提前登机、选座位、用餐等服务，乘客都得另外掏钱。
其次，从座椅间距、宽度、材质以及大小来看，飞机座位品质都大幅下滑，这意味消费者从票价中获取的价值要少得多。第三，许多航空公司都在逐步侵蚀「常客」飞行里程的价值，因此与1996年相比，常客的出行成本也增加了。
2.缩水式通膨和加量式附加费
缩水式通膨是食品业的惯用做法，指的是维持原有价格，但减少单位商品的重量、数量或体积。
很多购物者都觉得，带有「家庭装」或「超大装」字样的商品按单位价格计算会更便宜，但往往并非如此。商家通常把大包装商品的价格定得更高，从而赚取更多利润。这种提价方式称为「加量式附加费。」
3.减小促销力度、提高免运费门槛
4.会员费的沉没成本
仓储式会员店的大部分消费者几乎总是忽视会员费这笔初始费用，即便还要定期续费也依然如此。他们计算商品实际价格时，不考虑会员费。会员费掩盖了消费者支付的实际价格，这也是好市多（Costco）等企业成功的秘诀。
5.推出品质更高、价格也更贵的新品，无形中擡高商品价格
一元店聪明购物 买不买有讲究
世界新闻网
12/05/2021
一元商店向来是民众欲购买便宜货的好去处，不过因为所贩售的商品相当有限，去采买的人千万不可以用平时去沃尔玛(Walmart)等大型超市购物的模式去一元商店购物；非营利组织「消费者报告」(Consumer Report)的一些消费专家，就针对不同类型的采买标的，为消费者提供一些去一元商店买东西时可以运用的小技巧。
食物尽量买豆类干货
一元商店中很难买到新鲜的蔬果，但冷冻蔬果还是不错的选择，只要注意尽量不要买罐装的蔬菜，因为制作过程中食品加工厂通常会添加大量的钠，对人体是一种负担。
罐装的水果也不建议，因为加工厂为了保持甜度，会把水果泡在糖水中，消费者很容易摄取过量的糖；然而，如果真的找不到无添加物的蔬果而必须买罐装蔬果时，也要比较一下包装上注明的钠含量，而罐装水果买回家后，记得捞出来沥干，尽量避免摄取水果本身以外的糖分。
此外，一元商店货架上陈列的包装食品，如意大利面、牛肉干等，通常也有钠含量过高的问题，因此在一元商店购买食物时，尽可能选择干货、豆类或糙米，才能吃得便宜又健康。
而挑选果汁时，不要轻易地被包装上精美的图片所误导，里面装的不一定是纯原汁，务必要看清楚是不是「100%果汁」；至于是否为浓缩饮料并不重要，因为「浓缩」只是一项延长果汁保存期限的技术，虽然在加工过程中会丧失部分营养素，但100%的浓缩果汁至少还是真正的果汁。
非处方药、卫生用品便宜
一元商店中贩售的药品通常是仿药，但这不代表这些药是「假的」，而是制药商经过原药厂及联邦食品暨药物管理局(FDA)许可，以相同成分及制程制作出来的药物，只是不挂上原药厂的品牌名称在市场上流通，其安全性及有效性都与原药厂相同，且价格上还会更便宜；如果只是临时需要用到这种药，一元商店确实非常便宜，且可以只买需要的量，不会造成药物浪费，但如果有长期定期服药的需求，还是去药局买大罐装的比较划算。
另外，一元商店中绝对不能错过的就是卫生用品，许多大家耳熟能详的牌子的洗发精、沐浴乳、牙膏或肥皂等卫浴用品都比量贩店卖得更便宜，不过通常数量不会太多且库存有限；而最令人惊艳的莫过于卫生棉及卫生棉条等女性护理用品，一元商店的价格绝对适合一次性大量采买。
居家用品应急时购买
一元商店中的一些居家用品如卫生纸、清洁剂等等，由于都是以份量较小的散装包装零售，因此价格虽然便宜但通常只适合在应急时购买，如果要一次买大量卫生纸，还是要去量贩店比较经济实惠；至于如螺丝起子或铁锤之类的五金用品，一元商店中卖的通常只有标准规格，虽然便宜却不见得符合需求，还是跑一趟五金行比较快。
灯泡更要注意，一元商店中卖的东西是以「便宜」为号召，LED灯泡的价格绝对不可能下杀到这种低价，一元商店中的灯泡都是传统的白炽灯泡；白炽灯泡虽然售价便宜，但其耗电量比LED灯大，且再度坏掉的几率也比较高，因此除非万不得已，不太建议在一元商店买灯。
另外，一元商店中也有许多便宜的汽车用品，确实是车子突然故障时的最佳帮手；如果临时需要为汽车加点润滑油或换机油，只需要确认包装上印有石油协会(American Petroleum Institute)的标志即可，不需要太计较品牌名称，因为石油协会只会授权符合最新法规的产品贴这款标章；贴有这款标章的产品，即便是没听过的杂牌，都不会对车子造成损伤。
车修好了，换了starter。总结一下车子不能启动如何应对
By MB One
12/03/2021
先简单回顾一下我车的问题：车子几次启动不顺畅后，需要jump start才能启动，以为是电池坏了，但换了新电池还是启动不顺畅，然后就算jump start也不能启动了。像版上朋友说的那样，是starter坏了。
在yourmechanic.com上约了师傅上门换starter。（上周一约的，看错了以为是上周四，结果是这周四）师傅只花了一小时就换好了，他说他经常换starter，很熟。yourmechanic.com报价是按2.5小时算的，最后实付$567.23。yourmechanic.com上不能启动inspection是个单独的项目，收费一百多，我确定是starter的问题，就省了这步。
车子突然不能启动，主要是两个原因：电池没电，starter坏了。电池没电，有可能是车未运行时开大灯把电用光了，jump start就可以解决。还有可能是电池寿命到了，买个新电池换上就行。还可能是发电机alternator坏了，不能给电池充电。区分的方法是，用万用表测电压，如果车子运行时测得的电压稳定在14v以上，说明发电机是好的。
如果电池有电(12v以上)，还是启动困难，甚至无法启动，那就是starter坏了。
如果真的是starter坏了，也不要慌，轻敲starter有可能暂时解决。有些车starter比较好够到，自己就可以换。我这车的starter位置比较深，我看了视频发现要拆很多东西，就找了Mobile mechanic换。yourmechanic.com还算可以，能事先看到价格，号称保修一年。
男婴噎到脸色发青 美餐厅客人“1工具”神救援
文章来源: 东森新闻
11/16/2021
美国南卡罗来纳州一家餐厅日前发生一起意外，一名10月大的男婴进食中噎到，父母忙着以哈姆立克法急救，其他客人也纷纷上前帮忙，却无法将食物取出。这时一名陌生人使用他放在车上的急救装备，终于将异物吸出，惊险过程全被监视器拍下，影片在网络上疯传。
Sep 28, 2021
ABC Columbia reports on how a family dining at a local restaurant in Irmo SC quickly finds themselves in a choking emergency when their 10-month-old boy starts choking on pancakes. The Heimlich does not work and the boy loses consciousness. Watch to see how another customer at the restaurant steps in to help!
根据Inside Edition，男婴的母亲洁恩．科勒（Jayne Koehler）回忆道，当时10月大的儿子盖布瑞（Gabriel）因一块美式松饼噎住，马上伸手轻拍他的背部。但洁恩和丈夫乔恩（Jon）很快就意识到事情的严重性，因为盖布瑞的脸色开始发青，“而且发生得非常快”。
影片中可见，穿着粉红色上衣的洁恩察觉情况不对，将盖布瑞的身体翻了过来，发现盖布瑞已经脸色发青，马上大声呼救，急得忍不住哭出来。餐厅内其他客人赶紧上前帮忙，哈姆立克急救法却起不了作用。洁恩坦言，当时以为孩子快没命了。
众人围在盖布瑞周围时，男性客人希拉德（Major Hillard）在一片混乱之中冲出餐厅，跑回车上拿出名为LifeVac的急救装备再冲回餐厅内，将这种气道抽吸器覆盖在盖布瑞嘴上，成功将异物吸出，才让他奇迹似地恢复呼吸，开始大口喘气。
LifeVac是一种便于携带的急救设备，用于清除上呼吸道阻塞物。希拉德将这种设备放在车上已有5年，这是第一次使用，所幸及时派上用场，令科勒夫妇感激不已。这段影片12日在脸书上曝光，至今累积逾679万次观看，许多网友都留言感谢希拉德的神救援。
异物进眼睛先别揉 医师教你外伤急救技巧
健康医疗网／记者林渝桦报导
5/14/2021
眼睛飞进小沙子、被肥皂水眼睛刺痛，忍不住想要马上揉眼睛，但揉眼睛小心眼角膜会受伤，尽管大多数眼外伤是轻微的，究竟该如何安全地清除眼中的刺激物？根据克里夫兰医学中心，眼科医生Peter McGannon，提供以下指引。
异物进入眼睛
McGannon博士说，「无论是沙粒，睫毛还是其他细小物体，本能可能是揉眼睛，但不要这样做。」因为揉眼睛很可能会擦伤角膜，比较建议的方法是，随眼泪刺激异物流出，或者用清水或无菌生理食盐水冲洗眼睛。如果疼痛持续存在，请寻求医师的帮助。
眼睛飞溅化学物质
当溅入眼睛时，工业化学品和某些家用清洁剂时，您可能需要睁开眼睛，先用清水或生理食盐水冲洗，并立即就医，以确保没有发生严重的损伤。McGannon博士说，如果你平常使用化学药品或者家用清洁产品时都应该戴上护目镜。
眼睛受到撞击
如果眼睛在比赛中受到其他外力撞击时，McGannon博士说，轻轻地将冰袋贴在眼睛上，注意不要施加任何压力，并保持头部直立，以减少肿胀的可能。
眼部被刺伤
如果眼部受到穿刺时，请勿试图冲洗或去除眼中的任何东西，并避免揉搓眼睛。McGannon博士说，「可以用坚硬的圆形物体覆盖眼睛，以保护眼睛免受到额外擦伤，用胶带黏贴好，并立即送至最近的急诊室进行检查。
眼睛或眼皮周围有切伤
McGannon博士说，除非眼睛周围的皮肤切伤非常小，否则这种损伤需立即就医。此时，请勿尝试洗眼睛，你可以做的是用干净的布或无菌绷带在贴在受伤的部位上，而且应避免使用蓬松的棉布材料，因为很可能会黏在该区域并引起疼痛感。
配戴护目镜 护眼不受伤
McGannon博士说，采取谨慎方式能够保护眼睛和安全，「针对特定活动能保护眼部，预防某些严重的眼睛外伤。」他建议可以在体育活动、除草、化学药品、家用清洁剂、装修工程等状况下时，配戴护目镜，给眼睛多一层保护。
参考数据：Don’t Rub It! First Aid Tips for 5 Eye Irritants + Injuries
Don’t Rub It! First Aid Tips for 5 Eye Irritants + Injuries
Find out what to treat yourself and when to get help
5/14/2021
Even if you do your best to protect your eyes, accidents do happen. Then you wonder if it’s OK to rub it or whether you should rinse it — and whether to call for help.
Most eye injuries, like getting soap or a tiny foreign body in the eye, are minor. Others, such as those that occur in some work environments or during sports play, require prompt medical attention.
Five most common eye injuries and how to handle them
If you’re looking for the best way to treat an eye injury or how to remove an irritant or object stuck in your eye, these tips from ophthalmologist Peter McGannon, MD, are for you:
1. Foreign objects in the eye
“Whether it’s a grain of sand, eyelash, or other tiny object, your first instinct may be to rub your eye, but don’t do it,” says Dr. McGannon.
Rubbing the eye — or trying to remove an object with your finger — may end up abrading the cornea and creating a much more serious situation, he says.
Instead, allow your tears to flow in response to the irritation. If that doesn’t flush it out, rinse the eye with clean water or with sterile saline solution. If your eye continues to bother you, or the foreign body remains, contact your eye doctor or head to the nearest urgent care or ER if an your eye doctor is not available.
2. Chemicals in the eye
Industrial chemicals and some household cleaning solutions cause serious damage when splashed into the eye.
If you get a chemical solution in your eye, rinse it out with clean water or saline solution immediately and thoroughly, preferably for at least 15 minutes. You may need to hold the eye open to allow the water or saline solution to properly flush it out.
Immediately seek medical attention after flushing to make sure no serious harm occurred. “Any time you work with chemicals at a job, or even when you use strong household cleaning products, you should be wearing eye protection,” says Dr. McGannon.
3. A blow to the eye
People of all ages play sports and, at some point, may suffer a blow to the eye from a ball or some other object during a game.
“Gently hold a cold compress or ice pack against the eye, taking care not to put any pressure on it,” Dr. McGannon says. “Keep your head upright to reduce swelling.”
Visit your local urgent care center or eye doctor if pain persists or if the injury affects your vision.
4. A puncture wound to the eye
A puncture wound to the eye requires immediate attention in an urgent care or emergency room setting. Don’t attempt to flush out or remove anything stuck in the eye and avoid rubbing your eye and the area around it.
“Protect your eye from accidental pressure or rubbing by covering it with a firm, circular object such as a foam or paper coffee cup,” says Dr. McGannon.
Tape the protective cover over the eye, preferably with first aid tape. Have someone drive you immediately to the nearest emergency room for evaluation.
5. A cut to the eye or eyelid
Unless it’s a very minor cut in the skin around the eye, this injury typically requires immediate medical attention, Dr. McGannon says.
Do not attempt to wash a cut eye or eyelid. Instead, without adding pressure to the eyeball, apply a clean cloth or sterile bandage to the area. Avoid using fluffy cotton or similar materials around the eye because fibers could stick in the area and cause more pain and irritation.
Seek immediate evaluation at an urgent care or emergency center.
Take active steps every day to protect your eyes
Accidents sometimes occur despite our best preventive efforts. But take a mindful, deliberate approach to eye protection and safety and you may avoid the worst ones, Dr. McGannon says.
“Properly fitted, activity-specific eye protection can go a long way toward preventing some of the most serious trauma to the eyes,” he says.
Always wear eye protection when you:
- Play sports.
- Work with lawn equipment.
- Use household cleaners or chemicals.
- Work with heavy machinery.
- Do any construction or renovation work.
It’s also a good idea to keep specific supplies for treating eye injuries in your home first aid kit. Purchase these at your local pharmacy and you’ll be prepared to properly cope with most any future eye injuries.
Source: https://health.clevelandclinic.org/dont-rub-it-first-aid-tips-for-5-eye-irritants-injuries/
