IPPPR小组报告：冠病大流行原可避免
文 / 许禄艺
5/12/2021
（早报讯）由国际专家组成的独立小组今天（5月12日）在报告中指出，2019冠病大规模疫情原本可以避免，但各国政府未能即时因应，以及协调不足，以致疫情失控。
冠病大流行防范和应对独立小组（IPPPR）在外界期待已久的最终报告中指出，现行体制“未能保护人民”，而一些领导人视科学如无物，动摇了民众对公卫处理的信赖。
IPPPR小组指出，2019年12月外界对在中国武汉发现疫情的初期反应“欠缺急迫性”，各国直到2020年2月都未能注意警讯，错失应对这一疫情的时机。
该小组呼吁最富裕国家捐出10亿剂疫苗给最贫穷的国家，以对抗目前的疫情。同时也呼吁全球最富裕的国家，出资成立新组织，专责应对下一次大流行疫情。
世界卫生组织（WHO）去年5月决议成立独立小组，针对冠病大流行下国际卫生及世卫应对工作启动公正、独立和全面评估。
CDC公布建议指南：已完成疫苗接种民众 可免戴口罩聚会
（早报讯）距世界卫生组织（WHO）宣布冠病疫情全球“大流行”将届一年，部分欧美人士仍在怪中国隐瞒疫情，但世卫8日直言，根本是有些国家对世卫所发紧急警示置若罔闻。
法新社报道，世卫2020年1月30日宣布冠病疫情构成“国际关注公共卫生紧急事件”（PHEIC）；PHEIC是国际卫生条例中最高级别的警戒。然而，直到世卫3月11日使用“大流行”一词，许多国家才开始有所行动。
世卫总干事谭德塞说，世卫宣布PHEIC后，一些国家仍没意识到冠病带来的风险，当时中国以外地区的确诊例不到100起，也无人病故。
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他坚称世卫当时不断提醒“全球有一丝机会做好准备，防范潜在的大流行病”，但随越来越多国家沦陷与确诊例不断飙升后，世卫只能在3月11日宣布冠病疫情已发展成全球“大流行”。他强调：“必须搞清楚，我们并不是到这时才发出最高级别警戒。”
至于为何有些国家没在冠病疫情被归为大流行前采取行动，世卫公共卫生紧急计划执行主任莱恩直言，太多国家认为疫情与己无关。
莱恩表示，公众可能未必对宣布PHEIC有感这他可以理解，但他要强调，世卫194个成员国可是很早以前就已同意将其当作“触发集体行动以应对并遏止危机”的机制。https://921543beaa32fe3449a90cb3f26341a8.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-37/html/container.html
莱恩说：“很多国家确实有听进去并有所行动，然而我怕是太多国家觉得自己住在山顶可以看戏，根本没意识到水也会淹上来吞掉他们。”
COVID-19 Impact Reveals Global Leadership Crisis, According to Milken Institute Harris Poll Global Survey
10/12/2020
NEW YORK–(BUSINESS WIRE)–The Milken Institute and The Harris Poll today released the findings of a joint research program called “The Listening Project,” finding a global void in leadership as the COVID-19 pandemic has killed more than one million people worldwide and has crippled international economies.
The global survey, which was conducted in two phases (before and during COVID-19*) among nearly 30,000 people across 27 countries, found “access and affordability to healthcare” and “communicable/infectious disease containment and prevention” tied as the top two priorities on the list. “Corruption and transparency” rose to the third most urgent problem, as citizens became frustrated with government’s handling of COVID-19 around the globe.
“The Listening Project” demonstrates the widespread lack of support for how countries have handled COVID-19. For example:
- Globally, 71% of respondents said “this is the lowest point in my country’s history.”
- Nearly two-thirds of people say that “their leaders are out of touch with the rest of the country” (63%) and that “the people running the country don’t really care what happens to me” (62%).
- Out of 12 countries surveyed in September, in only three (Malaysia, China, and India) did more than half of the respondents strongly support their country’s handling of the pandemic.
- In the U.S., only 29% of respondents strongly support the country’s response.
“‘The Listening Project’ confirms the most urgent global priorities for which we and our partners across corporate, government, and philanthropic sectors must develop solutions,” said Richard Ditizio, President and COO of the Milken Institute. “Through the Milken Institute’s convening and programmatic platforms, we help leaders, experts, and influencers step up to the challenges in front of us, whether it’s rapidly developing vaccines and treatments, increasing access to capital, or delivering on the promise of gender and racial equality globally.”
“The striking conclusion from our survey is while COVID-19 is a public health crisis, it has also been a contagion across many other socio-economic challenges and government institutions,” said John Gerzema, CEO of The Harris Poll. “Maybe even more than the virus, our common crippling hardship is the lack of leadership being observed on the world stage. It is inherent upon our leaders both in government and in business, to unify and collectively refocus their priorities to provide stability and certainty to their stakeholders.”
The Milken Institute and The Harris Poll will announce results from “The Listening Project” during the opening plenary for the Milken Institute Global Conference on Monday, October 12. Additionally, John Gerzema of The Harris Poll will break down findings further during a session on Tuesday, October 13. To watch Monday’s session, please click here. For Tuesday’s session, click here. Follow along on social media with #MIGlobal.
SOURCE: Milken Institute and The Harris Poll
Additional Key Findings Include:
- As national lockdowns swept the globe, the shift towards virtual learning led to increased urgency in access and affordability to education, which moved from #7 in February to #4 in September. About two out of three people globally (64%) agreed this is an urgent issue for them to solve personally.
- The biggest increase in urgency is financial vulnerability, which moved from #10 globally in February to #5 in September. With global economies in flux, financial vulnerability (61%) rose more than 20 percentage points. Nearly seven in 10 people (69%) currently fear losing their job due to the pandemic. Over eight in 10 people (86%) globally now say we are in a global recession, while one-third (33%) say their country will go into a recession within six months. In every country surveyed, at least two-thirds of respondents assessed the economic impacts of the pandemic as having a bigger effect on their lives than the virus itself.
- The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the world’s socio-economic challenges. Nearly every issue gained intensity from February to September: Communicable/infectious disease containment and prevention (+21 points), access and affordability to healthcare (+20 points), access and affordability to education (+19 points), corruption and transparency (+17 points), climate change and environmental degradation (+15 points), systemic injustice and inequality (+13 points), urban development and infrastructure (+13 points), violent conflicts and terrorism (+6 points), and poverty and deprivation of human needs (+1 point).
- Businesses have stepped up to meet the moment. Our data indicates businesses are outperforming local governments with 61% of people globally saying, “companies have been more reliable than the government in keeping my country running during COVID-19.” Across all countries surveyed, companies are seen as more reliable and trustworthy than their governments and are given a new charge to speak out and solve socio-economic challenges.
To download the full report please visit: https://milkeninstitute.org/reports/listening-project.
Methodology
In all, “The Listening Project” surveyed a total of 29,125 adults in 27 countries between February and October 2020. The initial survey from February surveyed 10,125 adults in 27 countries asking them to determine which needs out of 48 were the most important to them, their family, and their community. These were then analyzed together as an aggregate across 27 countries to identify clusters of key global socio-economic challenges and ranked based on importance. The ranking was calculated by averaging out these numbers.
To better understand the impact of COVID-19 on the 10 most important socio-economic challenges, the survey was fielded once again from mid-September to October 2 among another 19,000 people in 12 countries. These countries were picked based on varying levels of COVID-19 impact, with six focused on countries that have felt the brunt of the pandemic.
About the Milken Institute
The Milken Institute is a nonprofit, nonpartisan think tank that helps people build meaningful lives in which they can experience health and well-being, pursue effective education and gainful employment, and access the resources required to create ever-expanding opportunities for themselves and their broader communities. For more information, visit https://milkeninstitute.org/.
About The Harris Poll
The Harris Poll is one of the longest-running surveys in the U.S. tracking public opinion and social sentiment since 1963. Harris is a global consulting and market research firm that delivers social intelligence for transformational times, working with clients in building corporate reputation, brand strategy and performance tracking, and earning organic media through public relations research. Our mission is to provide insights and advisory to help leaders make the best decisions possible. Learn more by visiting www.harrispoll.com and follow Harris Poll on Twitter and LinkedIn.
Read the original release at BusinessWire.
