健康医疗网／记者林渝桦报导
5/14/2021
眼睛飞进小沙子、被肥皂水眼睛刺痛，忍不住想要马上揉眼睛，但揉眼睛小心眼角膜会受伤，尽管大多数眼外伤是轻微的，究竟该如何安全地清除眼中的刺激物？根据克里夫兰医学中心，眼科医生Peter McGannon，提供以下指引。
异物进入眼睛
McGannon博士说，「无论是沙粒，睫毛还是其他细小物体，本能可能是揉眼睛，但不要这样做。」因为揉眼睛很可能会擦伤角膜，比较建议的方法是，随眼泪刺激异物流出，或者用清水或无菌生理食盐水冲洗眼睛。如果疼痛持续存在，请寻求医师的帮助。
眼睛飞溅化学物质
当溅入眼睛时，工业化学品和某些家用清洁剂时，您可能需要睁开眼睛，先用清水或生理食盐水冲洗，并立即就医，以确保没有发生严重的损伤。McGannon博士说，如果你平常使用化学药品或者家用清洁产品时都应该戴上护目镜。
眼睛受到撞击
如果眼睛在比赛中受到其他外力撞击时，McGannon博士说，轻轻地将冰袋贴在眼睛上，注意不要施加任何压力，并保持头部直立，以减少肿胀的可能。
眼部被刺伤
如果眼部受到穿刺时，请勿试图冲洗或去除眼中的任何东西，并避免揉搓眼睛。McGannon博士说，「可以用坚硬的圆形物体覆盖眼睛，以保护眼睛免受到额外擦伤，用胶带黏贴好，并立即送至最近的急诊室进行检查。
眼睛或眼皮周围有切伤
McGannon博士说，除非眼睛周围的皮肤切伤非常小，否则这种损伤需立即就医。此时，请勿尝试洗眼睛，你可以做的是用干净的布或无菌绷带在贴在受伤的部位上，而且应避免使用蓬松的棉布材料，因为很可能会黏在该区域并引起疼痛感。
配戴护目镜 护眼不受伤
McGannon博士说，采取谨慎方式能够保护眼睛和安全，「针对特定活动能保护眼部，预防某些严重的眼睛外伤。」他建议可以在体育活动、除草、化学药品、家用清洁剂、装修工程等状况下时，配戴护目镜，给眼睛多一层保护。
参考数据：Don’t Rub It! First Aid Tips for 5 Eye Irritants + Injuries
Don’t Rub It! First Aid Tips for 5 Eye Irritants + Injuries
Find out what to treat yourself and when to get help
5/14/2021
Even if you do your best to protect your eyes, accidents do happen. Then you wonder if it’s OK to rub it or whether you should rinse it — and whether to call for help.
Most eye injuries, like getting soap or a tiny foreign body in the eye, are minor. Others, such as those that occur in some work environments or during sports play, require prompt medical attention.
Five most common eye injuries and how to handle them
If you’re looking for the best way to treat an eye injury or how to remove an irritant or object stuck in your eye, these tips from ophthalmologist Peter McGannon, MD, are for you:
1. Foreign objects in the eye
“Whether it’s a grain of sand, eyelash, or other tiny object, your first instinct may be to rub your eye, but don’t do it,” says Dr. McGannon.
Rubbing the eye — or trying to remove an object with your finger — may end up abrading the cornea and creating a much more serious situation, he says.
Instead, allow your tears to flow in response to the irritation. If that doesn’t flush it out, rinse the eye with clean water or with sterile saline solution. If your eye continues to bother you, or the foreign body remains, contact your eye doctor or head to the nearest urgent care or ER if an your eye doctor is not available.
2. Chemicals in the eye
Industrial chemicals and some household cleaning solutions cause serious damage when splashed into the eye.
If you get a chemical solution in your eye, rinse it out with clean water or saline solution immediately and thoroughly, preferably for at least 15 minutes. You may need to hold the eye open to allow the water or saline solution to properly flush it out.
Immediately seek medical attention after flushing to make sure no serious harm occurred. “Any time you work with chemicals at a job, or even when you use strong household cleaning products, you should be wearing eye protection,” says Dr. McGannon.
3. A blow to the eye
People of all ages play sports and, at some point, may suffer a blow to the eye from a ball or some other object during a game.
“Gently hold a cold compress or ice pack against the eye, taking care not to put any pressure on it,” Dr. McGannon says. “Keep your head upright to reduce swelling.”
Visit your local urgent care center or eye doctor if pain persists or if the injury affects your vision.
4. A puncture wound to the eye
A puncture wound to the eye requires immediate attention in an urgent care or emergency room setting. Don’t attempt to flush out or remove anything stuck in the eye and avoid rubbing your eye and the area around it.
“Protect your eye from accidental pressure or rubbing by covering it with a firm, circular object such as a foam or paper coffee cup,” says Dr. McGannon.
Tape the protective cover over the eye, preferably with first aid tape. Have someone drive you immediately to the nearest emergency room for evaluation.
5. A cut to the eye or eyelid
Unless it’s a very minor cut in the skin around the eye, this injury typically requires immediate medical attention, Dr. McGannon says.
Do not attempt to wash a cut eye or eyelid. Instead, without adding pressure to the eyeball, apply a clean cloth or sterile bandage to the area. Avoid using fluffy cotton or similar materials around the eye because fibers could stick in the area and cause more pain and irritation.
Seek immediate evaluation at an urgent care or emergency center.
Take active steps every day to protect your eyes
Accidents sometimes occur despite our best preventive efforts. But take a mindful, deliberate approach to eye protection and safety and you may avoid the worst ones, Dr. McGannon says.
“Properly fitted, activity-specific eye protection can go a long way toward preventing some of the most serious trauma to the eyes,” he says.
Always wear eye protection when you:
- Play sports.
- Work with lawn equipment.
- Use household cleaners or chemicals.
- Work with heavy machinery.
- Do any construction or renovation work.
It’s also a good idea to keep specific supplies for treating eye injuries in your home first aid kit. Purchase these at your local pharmacy and you’ll be prepared to properly cope with most any future eye injuries.
Source: https://health.clevelandclinic.org/dont-rub-it-first-aid-tips-for-5-eye-irritants-injuries/