阿富汗孕妇在美军运输机上产婴 指挥官1动作救命
8/22/2021
美国空军机动司令部(US Air Mobility Command)在推特发布贴文,指21日一架从中东一处基地飞往德国拉姆施泰因空军基地(Ramstein base)的撤离班机上,一名阿富汗妇女在班机落地后立即产下一女,母女均安。
空军推文指出,这名妇女是逃离民兵组织神学士(Taliban,另译塔利班)的难民之一,并搭上从中东一处基地起飞的美军运输机。该名阿富汗妇女搭乘C-17运输机后开始分娩,当飞机位于2万8000呎飞行高度时,由于飞机内的气压较低,这名阿富汗妇女开始出现并发症,官方贴文写道“飞机指挥官决定降低飞行高度来提高飞机上的气压,帮助稳定并且挽救这位母亲的生命。”
班机一降落在拉姆施泰因空军基地,美国空军第86医疗团队立即前往C-17运输机货舱内协助接生,该名母亲及婴孩随后被送往附近的医疗机构,母女状况良好。
参谋首长联席会议负责后勤的泰勒(Hank Taylor)将军21日在记者会上表示,许多来自阿富汗首都喀布尔的班机在卡达停留,C-17运输机正在将撤离人员从卡达的空军基地转往德国,以缓解卡达积压的人数;官员表示,因为卡达的基地已满,美军从阿富汗撤离的班机20日曾因此暂停将近八小时。
根据有线电视新闻网(CNN)报道,拉姆施泰因空军基地能够容纳5000人,但到22日晚,额外增建的设备应该能容纳7500人;军方预期撤离人员会在基地停留48至72小时,根据美国与德国的协议,不应在基地停留超过10天。
泰勒将军指出,自7月底以来已有2万2000人从阿富汗撤离,其中1万7000人为8月14日之后撤离。
20日美国空军表示从阿富汗撤离的一架C-17运输机创下人数最多的承载纪录,15日飞离喀布尔的班机实际上载了823人,原先宣称的640人并未把班机上的183位儿童计算在内。
据NBC报道,拉姆施泰因空军基地发言人21日表示,自从撤离行动开始以来,已有6100人前往该基地,接下来几天预计将有更多班机抵达。
12人被杀 塔利班敦促人们离开喀布尔机场
文 / 张佳莹
8/19/2021
(早报讯)塔利班和北约官员说,自塔利班星期天夺取阿富汗首都喀布尔的机场以来,共有12人在机场内和周围被杀,引发恐惧的人们试图离开。
塔利班官员周四(19日)说,这些死亡是由枪击或踩踏造成的,他敦促仍然挤在机场门口的人们,如果他们没有合法的出境权,就回家去。
这名不愿透露姓名的塔利班官员说:“我们不想在机场伤害任何人。”
The president told ABC News’ George Stephanopoulos, “the idea that somehow, there’s a way to have gotten out without chaos ensuing, I don’t know how that happens.”
媒体:从喀布尔撤出阿富汗人的美机起落架上发现人类残骸
文 / 张佳莹
8/17/2021
(早报讯)据美国政治新闻网站Politico援引知情消息人士的话报道,在从喀布尔撤出阿富汗人的美国C-17“环球霸王III”军用运输机的起落架上,发现了人类残骸。
俄罗斯卫星通讯社引述该报道说,这些残骸可能属于一名试图逃离本国的阿富汗人。据消息人士透露,飞机的起落架曾因此暂时失灵。
此前,美国“防务一号”(Defense One)网站援引美国国防部匿名代表的话报道,一架美国C-17“环球霸王III”军用运输机从喀布尔撤出约640名阿富汗人。起初未计划让这么多人登机,但许多阿富汗人在飞行场地混乱的情况下自己爬上飞机。该匿名代表说,团队决定飞行,而不是强迫人们离开飞机。
8月16日,因载有外交工作人员的直升机多次起降,喀布尔机场混乱不堪。许多试图逃离的阿富汗人来到机场,开始冲击航站楼和飞机。在媒体和社交网络流传的照片和视频中,人们正爬上准备起飞的飞机,还有视频显示正在起飞的飞机起落架上有人。
塔利班领袖:重组阿富汗前所有外国军队必须撤离
文 / 陈慧璋
8/16/2021
(早报讯)阿富汗塔利班武装组织一名领袖周一(16日)表示,现在就讨论该组织将如何接管和治理阿富汗还为时过早。
拒绝透露姓名的这名塔利班领袖通过电话接受路透社的采访时说:“在我们开始重组这个国家之前,我们要所有外国军队都撤离这里。”
他也补充说,塔利班高层已警告塔利班战士,提醒他们不得恐吓平民,并让平民恢复他们的正常活动。
塔利班发言人:阿富汗战争已经结束
文 / 陈慧璋
8/15/2021
(早报讯)阿富汗塔利班政治办公室发言人说,“阿富汗战争已经结束”,该国的统治形式和政体模式将很快明朗化。
路透社报道,塔利班发言人纳伊姆(Mohammad Naeem)星期天(15日)接受半岛电视台埃及版公共事务频道(Al-Jazeera Mubasher TV)访问时强调,没有任何外交机构或外国总部是其攻击目标。他向所有人保证,塔利班将会保障外国公民和外交使团的安全。
纳伊姆说:“我们已做好准备与阿富汗各方进行对话,并会为他们提供必要的保护。
他说,塔利班将会负责任地行事,并殷切希望与所有人和平共处。
不过,纳伊姆也表明,塔利班付出了20年的努力和牺牲才取得今天的胜利,让阿富汗和阿富汗人民重获自由和独立。
纳伊姆说:“我们决不允许任何人利用我们的土地来攻击任何人,我们也不想伤害他人。”
他说,塔利班不会干涉他人事务,同样的,塔利班也不允许外人干涉阿富汗事务。
塔利班宣布控制总统府赢得胜利
文 / 陈慧璋
8/15/2021
(早报讯)阿富汗总统加尼匆促离开阿富汗后,塔利班一名最高司令星期天(15日)告诉路透社,该武装组织已控制了总统府。
大批塔利班武装分子在总统府内四处走动,并向电视台的摄像机展示他们的武器和举起胜利的手势。
一名战士向在皇宫内进行拍摄的半岛电视台(Al Jazeera)记者说:“我们的国家解放了,圣战者(Mujahideen)在阿富汗取得了胜利。”
塔利班政治局局长巴拉达尔(Baradar)同日发表简短视频声明说,塔利班在一周之内就迅速攻占全国所有主要城市,世界上无人能及。
不过,巴拉达尔也表示,真正的考验现在才开始,他们必须满足阿富汗人民的期望,解决他们的问题,为他们服务。
美前高官傅立民:美正与中国打着注定会输的比赛
5/10/2021
美国前资深外交官、前助理国防部长傅立民(Chas W Freeman Jr)批评美国政府的对华政策“自欺欺人”(self-defeating),指华盛顿正在打一场注定会输的对华比赛。
傅立民周日发表在澳洲亚太事务研究网站东亚论坛( East Asia Forum)上发发表题为《华盛顿正在打一场注定会输的对华比赛(Washington is playing a losing game with China)的文章,指美国应在全球性问题上加强与中国的合作,如果继续选择与中国对抗,只会在国际社会上失道寡助。
他认为目前的美中关系,凸显了弗里曼的战略动力学第三定律(Freeman’s third law of strategic dynamics),即每一次敌对行为都会引来更加敌对的反应。
文章指华盛顿发起贸易战,只是因为对中国超越美国的潜力感到担忧,并试图通过不断升级的“极限施压”来削弱、遏制中国。
他说,在国际象棋中,美国就是一个很容易被识别的选手:除了激进的开局外,没有其他的战略。
傅立民在文中以数据证明,美国老百姓深受政府发起贸易战的伤害。他指出,美国农民失去了价值240亿美元(318亿新元)的大部分中国市场;美国公司利润降低,转而削减员工工资和工作岗位、推迟加薪,并提高美国消费品的价格;据估计,美国损失了24.5万个就业岗位,同时减少了约3200亿美元的国内生产总值(GDP),美国家庭平均每年要多花1277美元购买消费品;预计到2025年,美国将失去32万个工作岗位,GDP将比预期的低1.6万亿美元。
文章指出,在另一边,中国正稳步前进。2020年,中国总体贸易顺差达到5350亿美元,再创新高;与此同时,中国正通过降低贸易壁垒、与美国以外的国家达成自由贸易协议、发起贸易争端解决机制等方法,提高了自己的地位。
此外,傅立民还称,中国给美国带来的挑战主要是经济和技术上的,并不是军事上的。但现实是,“美国的飞机和战舰总在中国边界周围活动,中国的飞机和战舰并没有在美国的海岸外巡逻;中国周围到处是美军基地,而美国附近却没有中国的基地”。
傅立民强调:“如果美国继续选择对抗,只会发现自己越来越孤立。如果美国对华政策被定义为一种道德努力,大多数其他国家将选择远离,而不是被吸引”。他指出,各国想要的是获得多边支持来应对挑战,而不是美国的单边对抗;希望在主权最大化的条件下容纳中国,而不是让中国成为敌人。
傅立民认为,除对抗无益外,中美两国合作还有许多必然性。首先,在美国国内,没有中国的参与,市场投资、供应链等很多问题都无法解决;其次,在国际上,两国应合作改革全球治理,解决共同关心的全球性问题,如环境恶化、流行病、核武器扩散、全球经济和金融不稳定、全球贫困等等,并为新技术制定标准。
在文章最后,傅立民强调,“为了在与中国(竞争中)保持优势,美国必须提升竞争力,建设一个治理更好、教育更好、更平等、更开放、更创新、更健康和更自由的社会”。他断言,显然对抗不是通往这一美好愿景的方式,合作才是。
傅立民目前是美国布朗大学沃森国际与公共事务研究所访问学者,曾作为美国前总统尼克逊的首席中文翻译陪同访华,之后他先后在国务院主管中国事务、担任美国驻华公使和负责国际安全事务的助理国防部长。
陆克文斥莫里森草率介入台海议题幼稚
5/10/2021
在中澳关系持续恶化的背景下,澳大利亚前总理陆克文撰文批评,莫里森政府最近声称若台海爆发战争,澳洲将支援美国等盟友的有关言论,“在政治上是幼稚的”(politically juvenile),可能损害澳洲核心国家安全利益。
莫里森上周接受澳洲3AW电台的访问时说,澳洲政府对台政策将坚定不变,若中国大陆武力进攻台湾,澳洲将会履行支援美国及盟友的承诺。
对此,陆克文前天(8日)在《悉尼先驱晨报》发表署名文章称,莫里森政府最近对澳洲军事介入未来美中对台湾战争的可能性所发表的草率评论,在政治上是幼稚的,可能损害澳洲核心国家安全利益。
文章说,50年来,澳洲历届政府都没有在台海冲突的课题上,公开猜测澳洲会怎么做,但在过去两周,总理莫里森、国防部长达顿,以及内政部秘书长佩祖洛,都严重违反了这一澳洲两党共识。
陆克文在文章中指出,澳洲政府此前有充分理由对潜在的台湾军事方案保持沉默(tight-lipped),因为该冲突将涉及中美两个世界上最大的军事力量,并有可能成为自1945年以来亚洲最暴力和最具破坏性的战争。因此,澳洲现阶段不应该损害国家决策的独立性和灵活性。
文章也说,澳洲官员一直周旋在华盛顿、北京和台北之间,竭尽全力防止此类战争发生。面对美国,澳洲官员要同美国一道,确保美国在亚太地区的军事威慑力,以此对中国大陆产生遏制效果;面对中国大陆,澳洲官员则进行游说,试图让北京相信美国会武装介入台海冲突;而面对台湾,澳洲官员要试图阻止台湾单方面宣布“台独”(或采取走向“台独”的步骤),因为这将越过北京最基本的红线。
文章接着称,莫里森政府在台湾问题上像不成熟地捶胸示强(adolescent chest-thumping),不仅让美国人感到困惑,让大陆民众感到愤怒,让台湾百姓不解,也让亚太地区其他国家感到迷惑。
陆克文随后在文章中质问,为什么莫里森、达顿等要在台湾问题上,公开发出“红色警报”信号?难以想象(inconceivable)澳洲的国家安全机构会建议他们这样做,因为这不符合国家利益。“事实上,这在战略上将适得其反。”
陆克文在文中指出,目前澳洲疫苗和检疫程序一团糟、债务和赤字居高不下、执政党自由党内歧视女性问题严重,莫里森政府此时发表草率涉台言论唯一可能的动机是想转移国内视线,以获得多数支持赢得选举。对自由党来说,把工党打成“亲共”是最好的伪装。
文章称,坎培拉还有一个最广为人知的秘密:达顿和莫里森之间存在未公开的领导权之争。达顿认为,在自由党内部,中国议题是击败莫里森的最佳工具。这是可耻的,纯粹为了政治私利,用澳洲核心国家经济和安全利益做赌注。
陆克文最后在文中说,中国日益增长的实力以及特朗普政府的失败,让莫里森政府难以处理澳中关系。面对复杂的挑战,澳洲领导者需要有明智、冷静和慎重的判断,国家安全不是政治游戏。然而,莫里森和达顿过去两周的表现无疑表明,面对复杂的国家安全性势,这届澳洲政府缺乏应对挑战的勇气。
China beating US by being more like America
Cultivating human capital will be essential if the US rather than China is to be the base of the next industrial revolution
By BRANDON J WEICHERT
4/25/2021
The United States transitioned from an agrarian backwater into an industrialized superstate in a rapid timeframe. One of the most decisive men in America’s industrialization was Samuel Slater.
As a young man, Slater worked in Britain’s advanced textile mills. He chafed under Britain’s rigid class system, believing he was being held back. So he moved to Rhode Island.
Once in America, Slater built the country’s first factory based entirely on that which he had learned from working in England’s textile mills – violating a British law that forbade its citizens from proliferating advanced British textile production to other countries.
Samuel Slater is still revered in the United States as the “Father of the American Factory System.” In Britain, if he is remembered at all, he is known by the epithet of “Slater the Traitor.”
After all, Samuel Slater engaged in what might today be referred to as “industrial espionage.” Without Slater, the United States would likely not have risen to become the industrial challenger to British imperial might that it did in the 19th century. Even if America had evolved to challenge British power without Slater’s help, it is likely the process would have taken longer than it actually did.
Many British leaders at the time likely dismissed Slater’s actions as little more than a nuisance. The Americans had not achieved anything unique. They were merely imitating their far more innovative cousins in Britain.
As the works of Oded Shenkar have proved, however, if given enough time, annoying imitators can become dynamic innovators. The British learned this lesson the hard way. America today appears intent on learning a similar hard truth … this time from China.
By the mid-20th century, the latent industrial power of the United States had been unleashed as the European empires, and eventually the British-led world order, collapsed under their own weight. America had built out its own industrial base and was waiting in the geopolitical wings to replace British power – which, of course, it did.
Few today think of Britain as anything more than a middle power in the US-dominated world order. This came about only because of the careful industrial and manipulative trade practices of American statesmen throughout the 19th and first half of the 20th century employed against British power.
The People’s Republic of China, like the United States of yesteryear with the British Empire, enjoys a strong trading relationship with the dominant power of the day. China has also free-ridden on the security guarantees of the dominant power, the United States.
The Americans are exhausting themselves while China grows stronger. Like the US in the previous century, inevitably, China will displace the dominant power through simple attrition in the non-military realm.
Many Americans reading this might be shocked to learn that China is not just the land of sweatshops and cheap knockoffs – any more than the United States of previous centuries was only the home of chattel slavery and King Cotton. China, like America, is a dynamic nation of economic activity and technological progress.
While the Chinese do imitate their innovative American competitors, China does this not because the country is incapable of innovating on its own. It’s just easier to imitate effective ideas produced by America, lowering China’s research and development costs. Plus, China’s industrial capacity allows the country to produce more goods than America – just as America had done to Britain
Once China quickly acquires advanced technology, capabilities, and capital from the West, Chinese firms then spin off those imitations and begin innovating. This is why China is challenging the West in quantum computing technology, biotech, space technologies, nanotechnology, 5G, artificial intelligence, and an assortment of other advanced technologies that constitute the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
Why reinvent the wheel when you can focus on making cheaper cars and better roads?
Since China opened itself up to the United States in the 1970s, American versions of Samuel Slater have flocked to China, taking with them the innovations, industries, and job offerings that would have gone to Americans had Washington never embraced Beijing.
America must simply make itself more attractive than China is to talent and capital. It must create a regulatory and tax system that is more competitive than China’s. Then Washington must seriously invest in federal R&D programs as well as dynamic infrastructure to support those programs.
As one chief executive of a Fortune 500 company told me in 2018, “If we don’t do business in China, our competitors will.”
Meanwhile, Americans must look at effective education as a national-security imperative. If we are living in a global, knowledge-based economy, then it stands to reason Americans will need greater knowledge to thrive. Therefore, cultivating human capital will be essential if America rather than China is to be the base of the next industrial revolution.
Besides, smart bombs are useless without smart people.
These are all things that the United States understood in centuries past. America bested the British Empire and replaced it as the world hegemon using these strategies. When the Soviet Union challenged America’s dominance, the US replicated the successful strategies it had used against Britain’s empire.
Self-reliance and individual innovativeness coupled with public- and private-sector cooperation catapulted the Americans ahead of their rivals. It’s why Samuel Slater fled to the nascent United States rather than staying in England.
America is losing the great competition for the 21st century because it has suffered historical amnesia. Its leaders, Democrats and Republicans alike, as well as its corporate tycoons and its people must recover the lost memory – before China cements its position as the world’s hegemon.
The greatest tragedy of all is that America has all of the tools it needs to succeed. All it needs to do is be more like it used to be in the past. To do that, competent and inspiring leadership is required. And that may prove to be the most destructive thing for America in the competition to win the 21st century.
Source: https://asiatimes.com/2021/04/china-beating-us-by-being-more-like-america/