雅虎退出中国市场 因没跟上中国互联网发展
来源：多维
11/04/2021
雅虎早在1999年就进入了中国市场，但是在之后的20多年里，其业务发展并没有跟上中国互联网前进的步伐，2021年11月1关停在中国的全部业务，仅仅是因为没能在中国的市场竞争中取得一席之地，与营商环境的变化无关。
官网声明显示，雅虎从11月1日起停止为中国大陆用户提供内容。雅虎发言人通过电子邮件对路透社表示，“因认识到中国日益具有挑战性的商业和法律环境，从11月1日起，将不再能从中国大陆访问雅虎的整套服务。雅虎仍致力于维护我们用户的权利和自由开放的互联网。我们感谢用户的支持。”
言外之意是中国的营商环境不佳。一些美国媒体也与雅虎的口径一致。有评论称，雅虎的退出提醒人们，随着中国监管部门今年收紧对数据安全、隐私和互联网内容的监管，外国公司在中国运营的挑战越来越大。美联社11月3日称，雅虎撤出中国大陆市场，正值中美两国政府在技术和贸易问题上存在分歧之际。
然而，中国加强对数据安全、隐私等的监管实际上是国际通用做法。美国曾多次以数据安全为由对多家中国企业进行调查或制裁，比如华为和抖音海外版TikTok。欧盟（EU）方面，2021年7月30日，亚马逊（Amazon）因违反欧盟的《通用数据保护条例》（GDPR），被欧盟主要隐私监管机构处以7.46亿欧元的罚款；近日，Facebook（已更名为Meta）推出的首款智能眼镜也在欧盟引发了隐私担忧。
其实，从中国互联网市场现状来看，雅虎的退出完全是因为没有竞争力。
在1999年进入中国市场后，2003年11月雅虎中国出资1.2亿美元全资收购了提供中文上网服务领导公司3721公司，该公司由周鸿祎创办。此后，雅虎中国在周鸿祎的运营下，成立了全新的搜索网站“一搜网”，率先将免费邮箱容量扩容到1G，并在其执掌雅虎中国的第一年扭亏为盈，完成4,000万美元营收，实现1,000万美元利润。
但是，好景不长。2005年8月，周鸿祎在执掌雅虎中国18个月后离开。彼此，中国本土的互联网公司如雨后的春笋，大量涌现。百度、新浪、网易、腾讯、搜狐都展现出了蓬勃的生机。
2005年10月，阿里巴巴和雅虎全球达成战略合作，全资收购雅虎中国。但是，阿里巴巴的快速发展并没有给雅虎中国带来多少好处，从某种意义上来说，这时的雅虎在中国市场已拉开了衰败的序幕。
2007年5月，雅虎中国更名为中国雅虎，之后的业务发展几乎没多少亮点可言。2013年，中国雅虎邮箱、资讯及社区停止服务。2015年，雅虎关闭北京全球研发中心，裁员数百人。2017年，雅虎软件研发（北京）有限公司注销。2021年11月1日，雅虎在中国的全部业务关停。
回望2005年之后的中国互联网市场，百度公司位于搜索引擎领域的头部位置；新浪、网易、腾讯是不可或缺的门户网站；在社交媒体方面，新浪的博客和微博、腾讯的QQ和微信、以及字节跳动旗下的抖音和视频网站哔哩哔哩，分割了大部分市场；在游戏方面，网易、腾讯、盛大的较量始终难分伯仲；在电商方面，除京东和阿里巴巴之外，还有唯品会、美团等后起之秀。在这些领域，雅虎都未曾有过浓墨重彩的手笔，不如亚马逊和谷歌在中国市场的参与度高。
事实上，很多美国公司在中国市场的销售份额不断增加也足以说明，中国市场的营商环境非常好。
以苹果公司（Apple）为例，2021年三季度其在大中华区净销售额为145.63亿美元，同比增幅高达83.27%。而中国本土的手机生产商非常多，华为、小米、vivo、OPPO的实力都非常雄厚。此外，美国新能源汽车公司特斯拉（Tesla），不仅在中国市场销量居前，而且已在中国建了超级工厂。中国本土的新能源汽车公司有比亚迪、蔚来、小鹏等。
这些事例表明，中国市场并不排外，只要实力够，外资企业就能够在中国市场分享红利，雅虎撤离中国与营商环境无关，与中美之间紧张的贸易关系也无关。正如10月26日，中国驻美大使秦刚应邀出席美国中国总商会芝加哥分会2021年会暨全球制造业峰会时所言，“中国一如既往欢迎美国企业加大对华投资，将持续扩大开放，不断营造市场化、法治化、国际化的营商环境。”
雅虎停止中国大陆服务
11/02/2021
网络搜索平台雅虎（Yahoo）已从昨天（11月1日）起，停止在中国大陆的服务。
综合中新网和“IT之家”网站报道，雅虎中国在官网公告，用户从11月1日起无法从中国大陆使用雅虎的产品与服务，但不影响到雅虎在全球其他地方的产品及服务。
此外，雅虎旗下科技媒体Engadget宣布，11月1日起关闭提供简体中文内容的Engadget中国版。
中国雅虎网站在1999年9月开通。中国雅虎在2013年结束电邮服务，雅虎也在两年后宣布关闭雅虎北京全球研发中心，并裁员200到300人。
Yahoo Halts Operations in China, Says ‘Increasingly Challenging Business’ Amid Shutdown
By Joseph Henry, Tech Times
11/02/2021
Yahoo has ended its services in China after citing it has been experiencing some challenges lately. The company is the latest firm to shut down its operation in the country.
The long-time running app decided to pull out of China because of the “increasingly challenging business and legal environment.” Although the tech company announced its sudden exit, it said that it thanked those users who stayed with them throughout the years.
Yahoo Shutdown in China
Yahoo is the latest American tech firm to leave China following the country’s regulations and stricter compliance requirements. Here’s our report on the company’s recent exit.
According to Bloomberg’s report on Tuesday, Nov. 2, Yahoo has started ending its job in mainland China on Monday, Nov. 1. The company added that it would remain committed to complying with its users’ rights and providing a free service to everyone.
Since 2013, several features made by the tech firm have been walled for access in China including the news and the email. In leaving the country, 300 jobs were removed following the closure of its office in Beijing.
Before Yahoo finalized its decision to quit in China, LinkedIn also joined the trend last month. It joined the list of exiting tech firms due to the heavy compliance requirements in the country.
For private firms, the challenge has doubled than usual. Mostly, it originated when President Xi Jin Ping announced its move to regulate the usage of technology. The decision also affected several crackdowns concerning entertainment, education, and even the gaming industry.
Furthermore, China is committed to fully eradicating the monopolies in the country by imposing tight restrictions on the involved firms. In addition, the authorities aimed to enforce strict laws on common interests of people like in the case of giving financial services.
Over the past years, Yahoo has experienced a gradual decline in the number of users. So far, the tech companies around the globe aim to catch up with the demand of the regulators without affecting their profit.
A few months ago, Apollo Global Management acquired Yahoo from Verizon in an agreement amounting to $5 billion.
According to CNN, Yahoo has invested before in Alibaba, a popular e-commerce company at the moment. However, the former came up with the idea of selling $7.1 billion to the retail giant. Later, it gave back $3 billion to the shareholders.
Yahoo Calendar on September
A couple of months ago, Tech Times reported that Yahoo has called the attention of the Sunrise creator for the development of a calendar app. Some fans compared it to Google Calendar.
The new calendar app was dubbed Day. Moreover, the company was looking forward to putting many improvements on it and the ability to integrate it with emails.
Tencent’s Action Amid Social Media Crackdown
As we know, China continues to intensify its campaign to regulate tight rules for the social media crackdown. In October, Tencent suspended more than 1,000 WeChat accounts after finding anomalies linked to financial activities.
Tencent imposed a ban on 1,463 accounts including the account of Essence Securities’ Chen Guo. According to the company, not all accounts underwent removal since some of them were only restricted for a week.
百度：未来五年培养500万AI人才
10/23/2021
中国科技巨头百度创始人、董事长兼首席执行官李彦宏称，未来五年，百度将为社会培养500万人工智能（AI）人才。
据新浪财经报道，李彦宏今天（23日）在北京大学新工科国际论坛发表演讲时说，当下的中国有培育领军人才和战略科学家最好的土壤，百度将为国家战略科技力量的建设持续贡献。
在新工科建设和人才培养上，李彦宏说，新工科重在培养人才的工程思维，把复杂问题简单化，结合实际在“妥协”中循序渐进。同时，新工科时代的人才，要具备创新、跨界和开放三大能力。他也建议，要加强校企双方的联动，相互学习共同成长。
在产业实践与技术落地上，李彦宏以自动驾驶为例，提出百度和特斯拉都是“工程思维”。特斯拉选择的路径是自动化程度的渐变。百度选择的路径是自动驾驶行驶范围的渐变，从部分道路的全无人驾驶开始，逐步扩大地域范围，从而走向L5级的完全自动驾驶。
李彦宏认为，未来十年人工智能领域将有八项关键技术，会实现从量变到质变，分别是自动驾驶、数字城市运营、机器翻译、生物计算、深度学习框架、知识管理、AI芯片和个人智能助手。李彦宏说：“这八项技术的突破，将会广泛改变人们的生产和生活方式，这是我深信不疑的，而这八项技术也将是百度坚定投入的方向。”
美国国防部前首席软件官: 人工智能竞争 华府已输给北京
中央社 | 伦敦
10/11/2021
美国国防部前首席软件官柴兰告诉英媒，美国已在人工智能竞争败给中国，且部分政府部门网络防御能力仅在幼儿园水准，北京因在新兴网络技术方面有所进展，正迈向全球主导地位。
路透今天报导，根据西方国家的情报评估，世界第二大经济体中国可能在约10年内称霸多项关键新兴科技，尤其是人工智能（AI）、合成生物学和基因方面。
柴兰（Nicolas Chaillan）是美国五角大厦第一位首席软件官，他已为抗议美国军方科技转型步调缓慢辞职。他指出，华府未能回应中方网络和其他威胁，使国家陷入险境。
他告诉「金融时报」（Financial Times）：「在15至20年内，我们没有与中国抗衡竞争的机会。此刻，木已成舟。在我看来，这已经结束了。」
柴兰指出，中国将主宰世界的未来，控制从媒体叙事到地缘政治的一切，而美国部分政府部门的网络抵御能力仍处「幼儿园水准」。
同时，柴兰抨击谷歌（Google）不愿与美国国防部就人工智能展开合作，以及关于人工智能伦理的广泛辩论，都拖累了美国这一方面的发展。
因目前非上班时间，尚无法获得Google回应。
路透引述「金融时报」报导指出，柴兰表示，中国公司不得不与北京当局合作，而且不须顾虑伦理问题，「重金」投入人工智能领域。
此外，柴兰承认美国在国防上的支出仍比中国高出三倍，但这些额外开支无济于事，因为美方采购成本如此之高，却用在错误的领域，而官僚主义和过度监管也使五角大厦亟需的变革窒碍难行。
美前高官：美国在人工智能竞赛中已输给中国
文 / 陈慧璋
10/11/2021
（早报讯）美国五角大楼前软件主管说，中国的新兴网络能力一日千里，其人工智能发展正朝向全球主导地位迈进，美国在这方面已经输给了中国。
路透社报道，因不满美国军方技术转移缓慢，在一周前愤而辞职的美国国防部首席软件官尼古拉斯·夏兰（Nicolas Chaillan）接受英国《金融时报》访问时指出，无法赶超中国将使美国身处在风险之中。
夏兰说：“在15年到20年内，我们将无法再与中国一争长短。现在，一切就已成定局。在我看来，我们大势已去。”
US has lost AI race with China, ex-Pentagon chief says
US cyber defense capabilities are at “kindergarten level” in some government departments, the Pentagon’s former chief software officer told a British newspaper.
Reuters, AFP
10/11/2021
China has the competitive edge against the US in the field of artificial intelligence (AI), according to the Pentagon’s former chief software officer.
“We have no competing fighting chance against China in 15 to 20 years,” Nicolas Chaillan said in an interview with London-based business newspaper, Financial Times.
He called the current situation “a done deal,” adding that, in his opinion, the race between China and the US was “already over.”
Chaillan predicted that China is heading for global dominance because of its advancements in the fields of artificial intelligence, machine learning and cyber capabilities, the Financial Times reported.
He slammed US cyber defense capabilities as at “kindergarten level” in some government departments.
Chaillan made the comments in his first interview since leaving the post as the Pentagon’s first-ever software chief.
He recently resigned in protest at the US government’s slow pace of technological change, particularly in the military.
Are the US and China in a tech race?
In June, the US Senate approved the United States Innovation and Competition Act to boost US semiconductor production, artificial intelligence development, and other technology.
The injection of around $250 billion (€216 billion), to be invested in the next five years, was widely seen as much-needed cash in the race for technological innovation against China.
After the bill passed, US President Joe Biden said: “We are in a competition to win the 21st century, and the starting gun has gone off.”
China’s National People’s Congress foreign affairs committee said in a statement that the bill “smears China’s development” and “interferes in China’s internal affairs under the banner of innovation and competition.”
How important is AI technology?
Top officials are increasingly paying attention to AI and the future threats it may pose.
In mid-September, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Michelle Bachelet stressed the urgent need for a moratorium on the sale and use of AI systems.
AI was also on the agenda at the inaugural meeting of the Trade and Technology Council (TTC) meeting of US and EU officials.
The director of the US government’s Joint Artificial Intelligence Center in early October said that AI architecture and networks “are weapons” that need to be treated as such.
He explained that there are a number of new threats that come with adversarial, such as data poisoning, spoofing and deep fakes.
He said that as AI technology develops and grows, it will increasingly become a target of cyberattacks and that security of these networks is crucial.
kmm/aw (Reuters, AFP)
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清华AI学生华智冰首次露正脸唱歌：会弹吉他、歌声甜美
9/29/2021
今年6月份，清华大学计算机系知识工程实验室正式公布了中国首个原创虚拟学生——华智冰，师从智源研究院学术副院长、清华大学教授唐杰，并由北京智源人工智能研究院、智谱AI和小冰联合培养。
近日，团队首次发布了她的正面露脸视频，视频里的她歌声甜美，表情动作也十分真实。她的歌声、人类生物学特征全部由人工智能完成，肢体则有团队成员进行训练完成。
Sep 28, 2021
对此，不少网友都表示简直不敢相信，甚至直呼“华智冰女神 YYDS”。
但需要注意的是，从目前已知信息来看，这段视频中其实只有面部表情和声音是华智冰的部分，其余的肢体动作等都是由团队成员@鱼子酱酱 来完成，整段视频时通过该作者的原始视频处理而来。
即便如此，华智冰的完成度依然令人赞叹，其面部表情非常的真实自然，歌声同样非常顺畅，只是声音中还保留了一些电子化效果，听起来有些像是电音，未来通过不断学习、进化，有望达到媲美真人的效果。
另外，据此前官方介绍，华智冰的智商和情商双高，可以作诗、作画、创作剧本杀，还具有一定的推理和情感交互的能力，其背后的奥妙是一个“智能数字脑”，数字大脑通过大规模认知预训练模型来完成数据与知识的驱动。
Source
Jun 3, 2021
华智冰，是基于“悟道2.0”诞生的中国原创虚拟学生，脸部、声音都通过人工智能模型生成。具有丰富知识、与人类有良好交互能力的机器人，会创作的音乐、诗词和绘画作品。2021年6月1日，“华智冰”在北京正式亮相并进入清华大学计算机科学与技术系知识工程实验室学习。
First virtual student ‘enrolls’ at Tsinghua University
By Cheng Yu
6/05/2021
Hua Zhibing, China’s first virtual student enabled by the country’s largest pre-trained model, made its debut on Tuesday.
With the move, Hua officially became a student in the Department of Computer Science and Technology at Tsinghua University in Beijing.
Hua, a “woman”, is able to compose poetry and music and has some ability in reasoning and emotional interaction.
The virtual student was co-developed by the Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Zhipu AI and a company, Xiaoice. It is powered by the second generation of WuDao, a pre-trained model.
“Compared with other common pre-trained models like GPT-3, WuDao is a multimodal model, which can understand and generate pictures and other content formats,” said Tang Jie, deputy dean of academic affairs at the academy and a Tsinghua University professor.
GPT-3 is English-centered, while WuDao is multilingual, including in both English and Chinese. In the future, more languages will be added, Tang said.
“WuDao is also more open than GPT-3 and many other pre-trained models. The training data, programming codes and model APIs are all open to the public,” he added.
Tang pointed out that the potential of such models is huge, as many real scenarios can use the same model with more general large pre-trained models.
“The key significance of WuDao is that it lowers the application threshold of AI and reduces the cost of the training process of machine learning models, including labor costs and carbon emissions,” he said.
Source: https://global.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202106/01/WS60b5f5d8a31024ad0bac2dc5.html
China’s first virtual student developed by Tsinghua U meets fans on Weibo
By Global Times
6/05/2021
China’s first virtual student developed by Tsinghua University met fans on Thursday as she opened an account on China’s Twitter-like Sina Weibo platform.
In the first Weibo post, the female virtual student named Hua Zhibing, greeted Chinese netizens and said that she will start studying in the computer laboratory in Tsinghua University.
Hua Zhibing attracted close to 2,000 followers on Weibo in about nine hours.
A video introducing Hua Zhibing was published in her first Weibo post. In it, a young girl wanders around the campus while a female voice introduces herself.
“I’ve been addicted to literature and art since I was born. The scientists not only gave me my appearance and my voice but also taught me to compose,” Hua Zhibing said, noting said the background music in the video was composed by her.
The girl in the video was a real person but the face and voice were virtually synthesized, Tang Jie, a professor at the Department of Computer Science of Tsinghua University, one of the major developers of Hua Zhibing, said during a forum on artificial intelligence held between Tuesday and Thursday in Beijing.
Hua Zhibing officially registered and became a student of Tsinghua University on Tuesday. Developers said at the forum that they have high expectations for Hua Zhibing, hoping she can keep learning, exploring and cultivating the abilities of creativity and communication in the future. She might also be employed after graduating from the university, developers said.
Hua Zhibing was based on the latest version of a China-developed deep learning model, Wudao 2.0, which literally means “understanding of natural laws.” It can process 1.75 trillion parameters, breaking the record of 1.6 trillion previously set by Google’s Switch Transformer AI language model.
The appearance of Hua Zhibing soon became a hot topic on Weibo.
Some are amazed by how China has advanced in the field of artificial intelligence. Some netizens said they were curious whether scientists would create a humanoid robot named Hua Zhibing, rather than a virtual face and voice.
Some joked that if more robots like Hua Zhibing, which can learn and work, are created in the future, population decline would not be a problem in the world.
Source: https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202106/1225392.shtml
