Can You Drink Water from a Stream?
By James Wonders
5/01/2021
Have You Ever Wondered…
- Can you drink water from a stream?
- What kinds of contaminants can be found in water in the wild?
- How do you purify water?
Do you ever get to enjoy a nice hike in the woods? With so much going on in our lives these days, it can be refreshing to walk on a trail in a forest or park, listening to birds chirp and the wind blowing the leaves on trees.
Hiking can definitely make you thirsty, though, especially in the summer heat. If you’ve ever hiked near a beautiful babbling brook you may have been tempted to partake in a drink of the water. After all, the water often looks crystal clear. Certainly it’s safe to drink, right?
Staying hydrated on the trails is important when you’re in the woods. If you’re going for a short hike, you can always take several bottles of water with you. If you’re hiking for multiple days, though, you need to learn how to find water in the wild.
Unless you’re hiking in the desert, you’re probably going to run across plenty of water sources in the wild, including ponds, creeks, streams, lakes, and rivers. But are these waters safe to drink?
Unfortunately, most sources of water in the wild aren’t necessarily safe to drink without treatment, no matter how clean and clear they may appear. Water sources in the wild often contain harmful microorganisms, such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites.
If ingested, these contaminants can cause a variety of illnesses, including giardia and dysentery. Common symptoms of water-borne illnesses include nausea, cramping, and diarrhea.
Since water-borne illnesses can be very serious, it’s best not to risk drinking water from a stream without treating it. The simplest and most effective way of purifying water is by boiling it. Experts recommend bringing a container of water to a rolling boil for five to ten minutes to ensure that all microorganisms are killed.
If you’re unable to start a fire to boil water, you can use chemical purifiers instead. There are a variety of chemical purifiers available where outdoor goods are sold. These might include iodine, chlorine, potassium permanganate, or halazone tablets.
You can also buy water purification devices that contain a combination of chemical purifiers and water filters. These devices vary greatly in their effectiveness, so make sure you know what your chosen device’s limitations are before relying upon it in the wild.
If you’re heading out into the wild for an extended trip, be sure to talk to an outdoors expert in advance to make sure you’re prepared to find and treat water in the wild. Don’t drink untreated water from a stream no matter how clear or clean it looks. It’s simply not worth the risk!
Feb 22, 2021
中国一名11岁男童喝溪水感染寄生虫
5/01/2021
中国一名11岁男童喝了家门口的溪水后头痛欲裂前往上海求医，医院发现其呼吸和中枢神经系统均感染了寄生虫。
根据澎湃新闻报道，据上海市儿童医院消息，该名男童在经过医院神经内科专家为治疗后，目前已经痊愈并出院。医学专家建议，出门游玩时，尽量不要直接饮用泉水、溪水等生水。
家属透露，2020年初，男童突然开始出现头疼、眼痛和手麻的症状，甚至痛到撞墙，持续几天，当时家人决定带孩子去医院看看，当地医院做了很多检查，除了外周血嗜酸性粒细胞升高，并未发现其他异样，查不出病因。
来到上海时，男童又开始出现发热，家人带着他直奔上海市儿童医院神经内科，希望能够找到孩子的病因。
上海市儿童医院神经内科主任陈育才接诊后，通过询问病史立刻察觉到孩子可能是感染了寄生虫，便为他做了全方位的检查。
“我们把患儿的脑脊液送检不到一小时，便接到检验科电话，说是感染寄生虫的概率非常大，因为正常情况下为0的脑脊液嗜酸性粒细胞在他的标本中高达65%。”陈育才说。
经过“溯源”，医护人员得知孩子老家门前有一条小溪，溪水清澈见底，他经常和朋友在小溪边嬉戏，累了就喝一口溪水，家里人也觉得溪水非常干净，所以从来没有制止过。
为了明确是哪一种寄生虫，医学专家团队为孩子做了胸部CT等检查，发现其肺尖部的感染灶，这时，寄生虫研究所的报告也确诊了小杨寄生虫脑病的诊断：血、脑脊液肺吸虫、曼氏裂头蚴阳性。
神经内科副主任医师张元凤介绍，肺吸虫的体积大约是成人半个指甲盖的大小，进食生水生食后，寄生虫的幼虫会在小肠内脱囊而出，穿透肠壁后就在人体内“搞破坏”，往往先进入腹腔，再穿过膈肌到达肺内发育为成虫，而成虫又可以继续向上爬直至入颅。它的不断爬行以及自身产生的代谢物都会对人体产生很强的破坏力，孩子的呼吸系统和中枢神经因此受到了破坏，一度出现“头痛到想撞墙”等症状。
针对孩子情况下，医生还为孩子做了包括眼底在内的其他身体部位的检查和排除，以防他同时感染了多种寄生虫，随后团队开始着手对其进行治疗。
考虑到在药物的刺激下，寄生虫会比较“烦躁”，而破坏的虫体可能还会成为新的炎症刺激物，患儿的症状有可能会加重，甚至出现颅压升高、抽搐等症状，因此用药的同时还应降颅压及预防抽搐的准备。之后开始进行吡喹酮治疗，经过抗寄生虫治疗及对症治疗，患儿的头痛终于好转，家人悬着的心总算落下来了。
经过多个疗程的抗寄生虫治疗后，患儿的各项指标都恢复了正常。
医院神经内科陆燕芬主任医师介绍，肺吸虫病是一种人兽共患的蠕虫病，通常与进食感染的水源或食物有关。“目前这类疾病比较少见，确诊的病人大多都有饮用生水或吃生食的病史，因此提醒大家外出旅行时不要因为泉水看似清澈就‘以身试水’。”
Investigation of Acute Non-viral Hepatitis Illnesses – “Real Water” Brand Alkaline Water (March 2021)
Do not drink, cook with, sell, or serve “Real Water” alkaline water
The FDA, along with the CDC and the Southern Nevada Health District is investigating a number of reports of acute non-viral hepatitis in the state of Nevada.
The consumption of “Real Water” brand alkaline water is the only common link identified among all of these cases to date. This brand of alkaline water is owned by Real Water Inc., headquartered in Mesa, Arizona.
Although the investigation is ongoing, epidemiologic information currently indicates that this alkaline water product may be the cause of the illnesses.
FDA is in the beginning stages of this investigation, and there may be additional products connected to this outbreak. FDA has initiated an investigation at the firm.
As this outbreak investigation continues, the FDA will provide additional updates to this advisory as more information becomes available.
Recommendations
Consumers, restaurants, and retailers should not drink, cook with, sell, or serve “Real Water” alkaline water, until more information is known about the cause of the illnesses. These products include but are not limited to: 5-gallon containers (sold through home delivery/subscription), bottles (sold on-line and in stores), and the “Real Water” concentrate (sold on-line).
The 5-gallon containers are delivered to homes in the following areas, according to the firm’s website:
- Honolulu, HI through Aloha Water
- Orange County, CA through Paradise Bottling Company
- St. George, UT through Real Water Southern Utah
- Tucson, AZ through Aqua Pure
- Ventura and Santa Barbara, CA through Real Water Gold Coast
Additionally, according to the firm’s website, Real Water is sold in 1 gallon, 500 mL (16.9oz.), 1 liter, and 1.5 liter plastic bottles and in a 750 mL glass bottle.
Symptoms of all types of hepatitis, including non-viral hepatitis, are similar and can include fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dark urine, clay or gray-colored bowel movements, joint pain, yellow eyes, and jaundice. Those experiencing these symptoms should contact their doctor.
Product Images
Case Counts
Total Illnesses: 5
Hospitalizations: 5
Deaths: 0
Last Illness Onset Date: 11/29/2020
States with Cases: NV (5)
Useful Links
Previous Updates
March 16, 2021
On March 13, the FDA was alerted to five cases of acute non-viral hepatitis (resulting in acute liver failure) in infants and children that occurred in November 2020 with an unknown cause reported to the Southern Nevada Health District. All five patients had been hospitalized but have since recovered. All patients were reported to have consumed “Real Water” brand alkaline water. These patients came from four different households. Five additional people, two adults and three children, from two of the four households were reported to have experienced other symptoms as well. Less severe symptoms included fever, vomiting, nausea, loss of appetite, and fatigue.
The consumption of “Real Water” brand alkaline water is the only common link identified among all of these cases to date. This brand of alkaline water is owned by Real Water Inc., headquartered in Mesa, Arizona.
Although the investigation is ongoing, epidemiologic information currently indicates that this alkaline water product may be the cause of the illnesses.
FDA is in the beginning stages of this investigation, and there may be additional products connected to this outbreak. FDA has initiated an investigation at the firm.
As this outbreak investigation continues, the FDA will provide additional updates to this advisory as more information becomes available.
Who to Contact
Consumers who have symptoms should contact their health care provider to report their symptoms and receive care.
To report a complaint or adverse event (illness or serious allergic reaction), you can
- Call an FDA Consumer Complaint Coordinator if you wish to speak directly to a person about your problem.
- Complete an electronic Voluntary MedWatch form online.
- Complete a paper Voluntary MedWatch form that can be mailed to FDA.
Submit Questions/Get Assistance
PRESS RELEASE: REAL WATER PRODUCT RECALL
Posted on March 18, 2021 by Cathy Milne
Real Water was notified on March 16, 2021, of a potential problem with our water dating back to November 2020. We are saddened to hear of the potential health issue of the product from our Real Water Las Vegas Home Delivery operation.
We, at Real Water, take the safety of our products and concern for our customer’s health seriously. Real Water takes great strides in every way to make sure our product is safe for consumption. Our goal is to diligently work with the FDA to achieve a swift resolution.
While the potential problem arose in Las Vegas, we are taking proactive steps to stop selling and distributing Real Water products throughout the United States until the issue is resolved.
Real Water is asking that all retailers pull the product from the shelf, effective immediately, and hold it in the back rooms or return it to the distributors.
Any customer who has purchased Real Water from a retailer is asked to return the product.
For more information, we urge you to call 702-310-5437 or email us at customerservice@drinkrealwater.com
Source: https://drinkrealwater.com/press-release-real-water-product-recall/
Mar 17, 2021
A Las Vegas family filed a lawsuit against the local company that bottles Real Water on Tuesday, the same day the Food and Drug Administration announced an investigation into a possible hepatitis outbreak.
美回收10万磅大陆火锅底料 致命成分曝光了
问题产品已被运至亚利桑那州、加州、夏威夷州、内华达州、纽约州与德州业者
2021/02/25 维加斯新闻报
（综合报导）据美国国家广播公司报导，美国农业部食品安全检疫处（Food Safety and Inspection Service, FSIS）22日宣布发现大陆名扬火锅底料中的10万磅的牛油是从大陆非法进口，并称这种成分合理可能会导致严重与负面的健康后果、甚至死亡，已下令回收并要求零售与餐厅业者丢掉或办理退款。
报导引述美国农业部（USDA）官网指出，由于大陆并非美方认定的牛肉生产国，其牛油没有经过FSIS的复检。而加州贸易公司GLG Trading在检验时，发现名扬火锅底料的中辣、微辣与特辣等3种口味产品中含有牛油成分，FSIS表示该产品上没有联邦检验标志。GLG Trading将负责回收9万6810磅火锅底料。
报导称，目前没有食用后引发不适的消息传出，不过FSIS表示，有这种产品的人应丢弃，或办理退货退费。目前这些产品已被运至亚利桑那州、加州、夏威夷州、内华达州、纽约州与德州的零售业者与餐厅。
USDA在官网指出此次的火锅底料回收是最为严重的一级回收，意味该牛油「将导致危害健康的情况，使用此产品有合理可能性会导致严重与负面的健康后果，甚至是死亡」。
重庆火锅底料的6大花式用法
02/25/2021
火锅底料不管是炒菜，烧菜，煮鱼都是调料神器你觉得呢。想知道火锅底料怎么用，火锅底料都有哪些用途吗?今天火锅底料厂家专意川味就为大家介绍一下重庆火锅底料的6种花样用法，用重庆火锅底料做六道家常菜的做法。
火锅底料怎么用1.火锅底料煮 水煮肉片
水煮肉片肯定是经典川菜，肉味香辣，软嫩，易嚼。吃时肉嫩菜鲜 ，汤红油亮，麻辣味浓，最宜下饭，为家常美食之一。不只在重庆四川见得到，在外地这也是很多川菜馆的主打菜。先上图，馋馋大家。
看到这红彤彤油汪汪的熟猪肉片，真是让人口水流了一地，有没有马上想吃的冲动，网上很多做法步骤，这里不跟大家重复，不过在这这些做法中，都是要准备很多的调料，如豆瓣酱、干辣椒、花椒、生姜、大蒜、大葱、盐、味精、料酒、干淀粉等等。看到这些调料是不是很眼熟?对的，就是火锅底料里面的部分调料，所以大家在做这些菜的时候，是可以用火锅底料替代如果做某道菜需要更丰富的调味，再添加其它配料就行了，如姜葱蒜等。
火锅底料怎么用2.火锅底料炒 麻婆豆腐
麻婆豆腐是川菜名菜，随着川菜的扬名，现在已经是国际名菜了。麻婆豆腐是由豆腐加肉末做成的，调料主要是辣椒、花椒、豆瓣酱、豆豉等，有川菜的麻辣，口味独特，嫩滑可口。
家常麻婆豆腐的做法非常简单易学。网上很多美食网都有介绍，用火锅底料替代豆瓣酱、花椒、辣椒这些都是可以的，小编试过，更香更简单。
火锅底料怎么用3.火锅冒菜
火锅冒菜是本是2个，火锅和冒菜，但是现在重庆的市场，火锅、串串、冒菜可能最主要的区别在形式和定位上，在口味上有很多相似之处。当然肯定还是火锅最好吃的，这是作为资深吃货的心声。不过随着外卖的兴起，确实很多外卖点，做的都是冒菜、火锅便当，买火锅底料回去煮，成本低，所以外卖的价格就便宜，符合普通上班族的需求。有想开冒菜餐馆或者做外卖的，可以到专意川味火锅底料厂，批发火锅底料，价格优惠!
火锅底料怎么用4.清油麻辣烫底料 麻辣鸡翅
材料：鸡翅中300克、青椒50克、红椒30克、干辣椒10克、 大蒜20克、食用油25克、清油麻辣烫底料1/2包做法：1、 鸡翅中从中间剁开分成两段，用水焯熟;大蒜拍碎待用、青红椒洗净切成段。2、 炒锅烧热放入食用油，放入大蒜炒香，再放入鸡翅中炒变色。3、 加入清油麻辣烫底料炒匀，再加入青椒、红椒、干辣椒炒匀。
火锅底料怎么用5.清油火锅调味料 —麻辣羊肉烩粉条
材料：羊肉片300克、红薯粉条100克、清油火锅调味料1/2包做法：1、 红薯粉条提前用热水泡软。2、 锅中放入清油火锅调味料1/2包和600毫升水煮开。3、 放入粉条煮熟4、 再放入羊肉片煮熟即可。
火锅底料怎么用6.麻辣香锅鸡
材料：首先出场的是制作此菜的秘诀关键——以专意川味火锅底料为核心的调味辅料+干海椒段+汉源花椒粒+香葱段+姜丝+蒜片…..若干
食材一：鸡肉(我做鸡肉类型的菜品通常选用的都是鸡的大腿肉)A. 将鸡琵琶腿进行拆骨处理，然后切成拇指大小的鸡丁块;B. 在鸡块中加入料酒、生抽、辣椒面、生粉….抓匀后码味20分钟;C. 将码制好的鸡块下油锅至变色，捞出沥干油备用。
食材二：油豆皮A. 干油豆皮浸泡于温水中至变软;B. 沥干水分后改刀大小适宜的块;C. 下油锅炸制金黄，捞起沥油备用。4、食材三：土豆+杏鲍菇A. 土豆洗净去皮切成条状;B. 杏鲍菇切成条状;C. 下油锅稍作炸制，捞起沥油备用。
步骤1、上锅开火，锅热放油在依此放入姜丝、蒜片、花椒、海椒、葱段，煸炒出香味2、放入专意川味火锅底料小火炒至底料完全溶于锅中3、将鸡块、油豆皮、土豆、杏鲍菇一同倒入锅中大火翻炒5分钟，让食材与调料在高温下充分的交融吸收…同时蒸发掉食材中多余的水分4、起锅装盘，撒上些翠绿的香葱….
火锅底料怎么用，火锅底料都有哪些用途火锅底料厂家专意川味就不为大家一一介绍了，火锅底料的用途有很多很多，只有我们自己试过才知道，煮面什么的用重庆火锅底料同样是美味哦。
